Ibihe bishya byinganda zikora amamodoka mashya bitwaje ubutumwa bubiri bwo guhindura inganda no kuzamura no kurengera ibidukikije byikirere, ibyo bikaba bitera imbere cyane iterambere ryinganda zinsinga zamashanyarazi n’ibindi bikoresho bifitanye isano n’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, hamwe n’abakora insinga n’inzego zemeza ibyemezo bafite yashoye ingufu nyinshi mubushakashatsi no guteza imbere insinga zifite ingufu nyinshi kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi. Umugozi wa voltage mwinshi kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bifite imikorere isabwa muburyo bwose, kandi bigomba kuba byujuje ubuziranenge bwa RoHSb, flame retardant urwego UL94V-0 ibisabwa bisanzwe nibikorwa byoroshye. Uru rupapuro rwerekana ibikoresho nubuhanga bwo gutegura insinga nini za voltage kumashanyarazi.
1.Ibikoresho bya kabili ya voltage ndende
(1) Ibikoresho byayobora umugozi
Kugeza ubu, hari ibikoresho bibiri byingenzi byububiko bwa kabili: umuringa na aluminium. Ibigo bike bibwira ko intungamubiri ya aluminiyumu ishobora kugabanya cyane ikiguzi cy’umusaruro, hiyongereyeho umuringa, icyuma, magnesium, silikoni n’ibindi bintu hashingiwe ku bikoresho bya aluminiyumu, binyuze mu nzira zidasanzwe nka synthesis hamwe no kuvura annealing, kuzamura amashanyarazi, kunama imikorere no kwangirika kwumugozi, kugirango wuzuze ibisabwa byubushobozi bumwe bwo gutwara ibintu, kugirango ugere ku ngaruka nkiziyobora umuringa cyangwa nziza kurushaho. Rero, ikiguzi cy'umusaruro kirazigamye cyane. Nyamara, ibigo byinshi biracyafata umuringa nkibikoresho byingenzi bigize urwego rwabayobora, mbere ya byose, kurwanya umuringa ni muke, hanyuma ibyinshi mubikorwa byumuringa bikaba byiza kuruta ibya aluminium kurwego rumwe, nkumuyoboro munini ubushobozi bwo gutwara, gutakaza ingufu nke, gukoresha ingufu nke no kwizerwa gukomeye. Kugeza ubu, gutoranya abayobora muri rusange bifashisha ibipimo ngenderwaho byigihugu 6 byoroheje (kurambura umugozi umwe wumuringa bigomba kuba birenga 25%, diameter ya monofilament iri munsi ya 0.30) kugirango hamenyekane ubworoherane nubukomezi bwa monofilament. Imbonerahamwe 1 irerekana ibipimo bigomba kuba byujuje ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu muringa.
(2) Gukingura ibikoresho bya kabili
Ibidukikije byimbere yimodoka zamashanyarazi biragoye, muguhitamo ibikoresho byokwirinda, kuruhande rumwe, kugirango harebwe neza uburyo bwogukoresha neza, kurundi ruhande, uko bishoboka kose kugirango uhitemo gutunganya byoroshye nibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane. Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa ni insina ni polyvinyl chloride (PVC),guhuza polyethylene (XLPE)reberi ya silicone, thermoplastique elastomer (TPE), nibindi, nibintu byingenzi byerekanwe kumeza 2.
Muri byo, PVC irimo gurş, ariko Amabwiriza ya RoHS abuza gukoresha gurş, mercure, kadmium, chromium ya hexvalent, polybromine diphenyl ethers (PBDE) na biphenili polybromine (PBB) nibindi bintu byangiza, kuburyo mumyaka yashize PVC yasimbuwe XLPE, reberi ya silicone, TPE nibindi bikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije.
(3) Umugozi wo gukingira ibikoresho
Igice cyo gukingira kigabanyijemo ibice bibiri: igice cyo gukingira igice kimwe cyo gukingira hamwe. Ubwinshi bwumubyigano wibikoresho byo gukingira igice cya 20 ° C na 90 ° C kandi nyuma yo gusaza nigipimo cyingenzi cya tekiniki yo gupima ibikoresho bikingira, bigena mu buryo butaziguye ubuzima bwa serivisi ya kabili ya voltage. Ibikoresho bisanzwe bikingira bikingira ibikoresho birimo reberi ya Ethylene-propylene (EPR), chloride polyvinyl (PVC), napolyethylene (PE)ibikoresho bishingiye. Mu gihe ibikoresho fatizo bidafite inyungu kandi urwego rw’ubuziranenge ntirushobora kunozwa mu gihe gito, ibigo by’ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi n’abakora ibikoresho by’insinga byibanda ku bushakashatsi bw’ikoranabuhanga ritunganya n’ikigereranyo cy’ibikoresho bikingira, kandi bagashaka udushya muri igipimo cyo kugereranya ibikoresho byo gukingira kunoza imikorere rusange ya kabili.
2.Ibikorwa byo gutegura umugozi muremure
(1) Ikorana buhanga rya tekinoroji
Inzira y'ibanze ya kabili yatejwe imbere igihe kirekire, bityo hariho n'ibisobanuro byabo bwite mubikorwa n'inganda. Muburyo bwo gushushanya insinga, ukurikije uburyo butajegajega bwinsinga imwe, ibikoresho byo guhagarara birashobora kugabanywamo imashini itambitse, imashini ihambura hamwe na mashini idoda / idafunguye. Bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa kristalisiyoneri y'umuringa, ubushyuhe bwa annealing hamwe nigihe kinini, birakwiye ko ukoresha ibikoresho byimashini zidahagarara kugirango ukore monwire ikomeza gukurura no gukomeza gukurura monwire kugirango tunonosore igipimo cyo kurambura no kuvunika. Kugeza ubu, umugozi uhuza polyethylene (XLPE) wasimbuye burundu umugozi wamavuta uri hagati ya 1 na 500kV ya voltage. Hariho inzira ebyiri zisanzwe zikora inzira kubayobora XLPE: guhuza uruziga no kugoreka insinga. Ku ruhande rumwe, intsinga irashobora kwirinda ubushyuhe bwinshi n’umuvuduko mwinshi mu muyoboro uhuza imiyoboro kugira ngo ukande ibikoresho byayo bikingira hamwe n’ibikoresho byo kubika mu cyuho cy’insinga kandi bigatera imyanda; Ku rundi ruhande, irashobora kandi gukumira amazi kwinjira mu cyerekezo cyuyobora kugira ngo umugozi ukore neza. Umuyoboro wumuringa ubwawo ni imiterere yibanda kumurongo, ikorwa cyane cyane nimashini isanzwe ikomatanya imashini, imashini ihambira, nibindi.
(2) Uburyo bwo gukora insinga ya XLPE
Kubyara umusaruro mwinshi wa kabili ya XLPE, catenary yumye yambukiranya (CCV) hamwe na vertical yumye ihuza (VCV) nuburyo bubiri bwo gukora.
(3) Inzira yo gukuramo
Mbere, uruganda rukora insinga rwakoresheje uburyo bwa kabiri bwo gusohora kugirango rutange insimburangingo ya insinga, intambwe yambere icyarimwe icyarimwe icyuma cyogukwirakwiza ingabo hamwe nigitereko cyiziritse, hanyuma gihuza kandi gikomeretsa kumurongo wa kabili, gishyirwa mugihe runaka hanyuma kigasohoka. Ingabo. Mu myaka ya za 70, uburyo bwo gukuramo ibice 1 + 2 butatu bwagaragaye mu nsinga zometse ku nsinga, bituma ingabo zo mu nda n’inyuma zo gukingira no kuzuza birangira mu nzira imwe. Inzira ibanza gusohora ingabo ya kiyobora, nyuma yintera ngufi (2 ~ 5m), hanyuma ikanasohora ingabo yo gukingira no gukingira ingabo ikingira icyarimwe. Nyamara, uburyo bubiri bwa mbere bufite imbogamizi zikomeye, bityo mumpera za 90, abatanga ibikoresho byogukora insinga batangije uburyo butatu bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, ibyo bikaba byaragaragazaga gukingira imiyoboro, gukingira no gukingira icyarimwe. Mu myaka mike ishize, ibihugu byamahanga na byo byatangije umutwe mushya wa extruder barrel hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera cya plaque ya mesh, muguhuza igitutu cyumutwe wa cavit itembera kugirango igabanye gukusanya ibintu, kongera igihe cyumusaruro uhoraho, gusimbuza ihinduka ridahagarara ryibisobanuro bya igishushanyo mbonera gishobora kandi kuzigama cyane ibiciro byo kumanura no kunoza imikorere.
3. Umwanzuro
Imodoka nshya zingufu zifite icyerekezo cyiza cyiterambere nisoko rinini, ikenera urukurikirane rwibicuruzwa bikoresha amashanyarazi menshi bifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu byinshi, guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ingaruka zo gukingira amashanyarazi, imbaraga zo kunama, guhinduka, ubuzima burambye bwo gukora nibindi bikorwa byiza mubikorwa kandi bigatwara u isoko. Imashanyarazi yamashanyarazi yumubyigano mwinshi hamwe nuburyo bwo kuyitegura bifite ibyerekezo byinshi byiterambere. Imashanyarazi ntishobora kunoza umusaruro no kwemeza ikoreshwa ryumutekano udafite insinga nini cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-23-2024