Icyatsi cyangwa icyuma cyo hanze nicyuma cyo kurinda hanze muburyo bwa kabili ya optique, cyane cyane bikozwe mubikoresho bya sheath ya PE hamwe nibikoresho bya PVC, kandi ibikoresho bya halogene bidafite flame-retardant sheath hamwe nibikoresho bikoresha amashanyarazi bikoreshwa mubihe bidasanzwe.
1. PE sheath material
PE ni impfunyapfunyo ya polyethylene, ikaba igizwe na polymer igizwe na polymerisation ya Ethylene. Ibikoresho byirabura bya polyethylene bikozwe no kuvanga no gusya polyethylene resin hamwe na stabilisateur, umukara wa karubone, antioxydeant na plasitike ku rugero runaka. Ibikoresho bya polyethylene kubikoresho bya optique birashobora kugabanywamo polyethylene nkeya (LDPE), umurongo muto wa polyethylene (LLDPE), polyethylene yo hagati (MDPE) hamwe na polyethylene yuzuye (HDPE) ukurikije ubucucike. Bitewe n'ubucucike butandukanye n'imiterere ya molekile, bifite imiterere itandukanye. Polyethylene yubucucike buke, izwi kandi nka polyethylene yumuvuduko ukabije, ikorwa na copolymerisation ya Ethylene kumuvuduko mwinshi (hejuru yikirere 1500) kuri 200-300 ° C hamwe na ogisijeni nkumusemburo. Kubwibyo, urunigi rwa molekuline ya polyethylene nkeya ifite amashami menshi yuburebure butandukanye, hamwe nurwego rwo hejuru rwishami ryurunigi, imiterere idasanzwe, kristu ntoya, hamwe no guhinduka no kuramba. Polyethylene yuzuye cyane, izwi kandi nka polyethylene yumuvuduko ukabije, ikorwa na polymerisation ya Ethylene kumuvuduko muke (ikirere 1-5) na 60-80 ° C hamwe na catalizike ya aluminium na titanium. Bitewe no gukwirakwiza uburemere buke bwa polyethylene hamwe no gutondekanya kuri molekile, bifite imiterere myiza yubukanishi, imiti irwanya imiti hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gukoresha. Ibikoresho byo hagati ya polyethylene biciriritse bikozwe muguhuza polyethylene yubucucike bwinshi na polyethylene nkeya cyane muburyo bukwiye, cyangwa mugukora polymerize etylene monomer na propylene (cyangwa monomer ya kabiri ya 1-butene). Kubwibyo rero, imikorere ya polyethylene yo hagati yubucucike buri hagati yubwa polyethylene yuzuye cyane na polyethylene nkeya, kandi ifite uburyo bworoshye bwo guhinduranya polyethylene nkeya kandi irwanya kwambara neza nimbaraga zikomeye za polyethylene. Umurongo muto-wuzuye wa polyethylene uhindurwamo polymerisiyasi nicyiciro cya gaze yumuvuduko cyangwa uburyo bwo gukemura hamwe na Ethylene monomer na 2-olefin. Urwego rwishami rwumurongo muto-polyethylene uri hagati yubucucike buke nubucucike bukabije, kubwibyo bifite imbaraga zo guhangana n’ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije. Kurwanya ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije ni ikimenyetso cyingenzi cyane cyo kumenya ubwiza bwibikoresho bya PE. Ryerekeza ku kintu igice cyibizamini cyibikoresho byatewe no kunanirwa guhangayika mubidukikije. Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumyuka yibintu birimo: uburemere bwa molekile, gukwirakwiza uburemere bwa molekile, kristu, hamwe na microstructure yumurongo wa molekile. Ninini yuburemere bwa molekile, niko kugabanuka kwa molekuline kugabanuka, niko guhuza byinshi hagati ya wafer, niko arushaho guhangayikishwa n’ibidukikije byangiza ibintu, kandi nigihe kirekire cyo gukora cyibikoresho; icyarimwe, korohereza ibintu nabyo bigira ingaruka kuri iki cyerekezo. Hasi ya kristu, niko guhangayikishwa nibidukikije byangiza ibintu. Imbaraga zingana no kurambura kumena ibikoresho bya PE nikindi kimenyetso cyo gupima imikorere yibikoresho, kandi birashobora no guhanura aho iherezo ryakoreshejwe. Ibirimo bya karubone mubikoresho bya PE birashobora kurwanya neza isuri yimirasire ya ultraviolet kubintu, kandi antioxydants irashobora kunoza neza antioxydants yibikoresho.
2. Ibikoresho bya PVC
PVC flame retardant material irimo atome ya chlorine, izashya mumuriro. Iyo itwitse, izabora kandi irekure gaze ya gaze ya HCL yangirika kandi ifite ubumara, izatera ibyago bya kabiri, ariko izimya iyo ivuye mu muriro, bityo ikaba ifite ibiranga kudakwirakwiza umuriro; icyarimwe, ibikoresho bya PVC bikozwe neza kandi byoroshye, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi ya optique.
3. Halogen-flame retardant sheath material
Kubera ko chloride ya polyvinyl izabyara imyuka yubumara mugihe yaka, abantu bagize umwotsi muke, udafite halogene, udafite uburozi, ibikoresho byangiza ibyatsi byangiza, ni ukuvuga kongeramo umuriro udasanzwe wa Al (OH) 3 na Mg (OH) 2 kubikoresho bisanzwe byicyatsi, bizarekura amazi ya kirisiti mugihe uhuye numuriro kandi bigatwara ubushyuhe bwinshi, bityo bikarinda ubushyuhe bwibikoresho byibyatsi kuzamuka no kwirinda gutwikwa. Kubera ko flame retardants yongewe kumashanyarazi ya halogen idafite flame retardant sheath, ubwikorezi bwa polymers buziyongera. Mugihe kimwe, resin hamwe na organique flame retardants itandukanye rwose nibikoresho bibiri. Mugihe cyo gutunganya, birakenewe gukumira kuvanga kutaringaniye kwa flame retardants yaho. Inorganic flame retardants igomba kongerwaho muburyo bukwiye. Niba igipimo ari kinini cyane, imbaraga za mashini no kurambura kumena ibikoresho bizagabanuka cyane. Ibipimo byo gusuzuma ibiranga flame retardant ya halogen idafite flame retardants ni indangagaciro ya ogisijeni hamwe nubunini bwumwotsi. Igipimo cya ogisijeni ni cyo gipimo cya ogisijeni ntoya isabwa kugirango ibikoresho bigumane umuriro mwinshi muri gaze ivanze ya ogisijeni na azote. Ninini ya ogisijeni nini, nibyiza bya flame retardant yibikoresho. Ubwinshi bwumwotsi ubarwa mugupima ihererekanyabubasha ryurumuri ruringaniye runyura mumyotsi iterwa no gutwika ibintu mumwanya runaka hamwe nuburebure bwinzira nziza. Kugabanya umwotsi mwinshi, niko umwotsi ugabanuka kandi nibikorwa byiza.
4. Ikimenyetso cyamashanyarazi cyihanganira ibikoresho
Hano haribindi byinshi-byose-bitangazamakuru byifashisha umugozi wa optique (ADSS) urambitse muminara imwe hamwe numurongo mwinshi wa voltage hejuru murwego rwo gutumanaho amashanyarazi. Mu rwego rwo kunesha ingaruka z'umuriro w'amashanyarazi mwinshi w’umuriro w'amashanyarazi, abantu bateje imbere kandi bakora ibikoresho bishya by’amashanyarazi birwanya ibyuma, ibikoresho byo mu cyuma bagenzura byimazeyo ibirimo umukara wa karubone, ingano nogukwirakwiza ibice byirabura bya karubone. , wongeyeho inyongera zidasanzwe kugirango ibikoresho bya sheath bifite imikorere myiza yumuriro wamashanyarazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-26-2024