Incamake: Ibyiza by'insinga za fiber optique bituma ikoreshwa mu itumanaho rihora ryaguka, kugira ngo ihuze n'ibidukikije bitandukanye, imbaraga zijyanye nazo zikunze kongerwa mu buryo bwo gushushanya insinga za fiber optique kugira ngo zihuze n'ibikenewe bitandukanye. Iyi nyandiko igaragaza ahanini ibyiza by'insinga z'ibirahure (ni ukuvuga insinga z'ibirahure) nk'insinga za fiber optique, kandi igaragaza muri make imiterere n'imikorere y'insinga za fiber optique zikomejwe n'insinga z'ibirahure, kandi igasesengura muri make ingorane zo gukoresha insinga z'ibirahure.
Amagambo ahinnye: gushimangira, ubudodo bw'ikirahure
1. Ibisobanuro by'inyuma
Ivuka n'iterambere ry'itumanaho rya fibre optique ni impinduramatwara ikomeye mu mateka y'itumanaho, itumanaho rya fibre optique ryahinduye uburyo gakondo bw'itumanaho, bituma rishobora gutumanaho ku muvuduko mwinshi no ku bushobozi bwo hejuru nta kintu na kimwe cyangiza ikoranabuhanga rya rukuruzi. Hamwe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'insinga za fibre optique n'ikoranabuhanga ry'itumanaho, ikoranabuhanga ry'itumanaho rya fibre optique naryo ryarushijeho kunozwa cyane, insinga za fibre optique zifite inyungu zose zituma mu rwego rw'itumanaho ikoreshwa rikomeza kwaguka, ubu, insinga za fibre optique zifite umuvuduko w'iterambere ryihuse kandi ubwoko bwinshi bw'ikoreshwa bwinjiye mu nzego zitandukanye z'itumanaho ry'insinga bwabaye uburyo bw'ingenzi bw'itumanaho rigezweho, ingaruka ku buzima bw'imibanire zirushaho kwiyongera.
2. Gukoresha ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibikoresho byo kongera imbaraga
Kugira ngo ihuze n'ibidukikije bitandukanye, imbaraga zijyanye nayo zikunze kongerwaho mu gihe cyo gushushanya insinga cyangwa imiterere y'insinga igahinduka kugira ngo ihuze n'ibikenewe bitandukanye. Insinga za fibre optique zishobora kugabanywamo imbaraga z'icyuma n'imbaraga zitari iz'icyuma, ibice by'ingenzi bishimangira icyuma ni ingano zitandukanye z'insinga z'icyuma, kaseti ya aluminiyumu, nibindi, ibice bishimangira bitari iby'icyuma ahanini ni FRP, KFRP, kaseti irwanya amazi, aramid, ubudodo bw'ikirahure, ubudodo bw'ikirahure, nibindi. Bitewe n'ubukana bwinshi n'imbaraga zo gukomeza icyuma, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bwubatsi no mu miyoboro ikoreshwamo, nko gushyiramo imiyoboro hanze no mu miyoboro, gushyingura mu buryo butaziguye n'ibindi bihe. Ibice bishimangira bitari iby'icyuma Kubera ubwoko bwinshi, uruhare runini rukorwa n'abantu batandukanye. Kubera ko imbaraga zitari iz'icyuma zoroshye kandi imbaraga zo gukurura zikaba nto ugereranyije n'izo gukomeza icyuma, ishobora gukoreshwa mu nzu, mu nyubako, hagati y'inzu, cyangwa igashyirwa ku nsinga za fibre optique zishyigikiwe n'icyuma iyo hari ikibazo cyihariye. Ku bidukikije bimwe na bimwe byihariye, nk'ibidukikije bishobora kwibasirwa n'imbeba byavuzwe haruguru, hakenewe imbaraga zidasanzwe kugira ngo hatabaho gusa imbaraga zikenewe mu ruhande rw'imbere n'urw'inyuma, ahubwo hanakenewe izindi ngaruka, nko kurwanya gusya. Iyi nyandiko igaragaza ikoreshwa ry'ubudodo bwa fiberglass nk'imbaraga mu nsinga ya RF isohoka, insinga y'ibinyugunyugu by'imiyoboro n'insinga idapfa gushya.
3. Ubudodo bw'ibirahuri n'ibyiza byabwo
Fibre y'ikirahure ni ubwoko bushya bw'ibikoresho by'ubuhanga, bifite buji idashya, idakonjesha, ubushyuhe bwinshi, ifata ubushuhe, uburebure n'indi miterere myiza, mu miterere y'amashanyarazi, imashini, imiti n'amatara, bityo bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye. Fibre y'ikirahure ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: ubudodo butagira inzitira n'ubudodo buvanze, bukoreshwa muri rusange mu gukora insinga za fibre optique.
Ubudodo bwa fibre y'ikirahure nk'insinga ikomeza imirasire y'ikirahure, bufite ibyiza bikurikira:
(1) Mu bisabwa ku mbaraga zo gukurura aho kuba aramid, bigize insinga ya fiber optique, ifite ubukungu kandi ishoboka. Aramid ni insinga nshya igezweho y’ikoranabuhanga, ifite ibyiza byo gukomera cyane, modulus nyinshi no kudashyuha cyane. Igiciro cya aramid cyabaye kinini, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku giciro cya insinga ya fiber optique. Insinga ya fiberglass ingana na 1/20 cya aramid mu giciro, kandi ibindi bimenyetso by’imikorere ntabwo bitandukanye cyane ugereranije na aramid, bityo insinga ya fiberglass ishobora gukoreshwa nk'isimbura aramid, kandi ubukungu bukaba bwiza kurushaho. Igereranya ry’imikorere hagati ya aramid n’insinga ya fiberglass rigaragazwa mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.
Imbonerahamwe igereranya imikorere y'ubudodo bwa aramide n'ubw'ibirahuri
(2) Ubudodo bwa Fibreglass ntabwo bugira uburozi kandi ntibugira ingaruka mbi, ntibushya, ntibugira ingese, ntibugira ubushyuhe bwinshi, ntibugira uburebure buke, ntibuhinduka mu buryo busanzwe, kandi buhura n'ibisabwa n'insinga za optique nka RoHS. Ubudodo bwa fibre y'ikirahure bufite kandi ubushobozi bwo kwangirika no kudashira, kubungabunga ubushyuhe no gushyushya. Butuma insinga ya fibre optique ikora neza mu bushyuhe buri hejuru cyangwa hasi, kandi bushobora kwihuza n'ibidukikije bikomeye. Imiterere y'ubushyuhe ituma insinga ya fibre optique iterwa n'inkuba cyangwa izindi ngaruka za elegitoroniki, ishobora gukoreshwa cyane mu nsinga za dielectric fiber optique.
(3) Insinga y'ikirahure yuzuyemo ubudodo bwa fibre optique ishobora gutuma imiterere y'insinga iba nto kandi ikongera imbaraga zo gukurura no gukanda.
(4) Ubudodo bw'ibirahuri bufunga amazi ni bumwe mu buryo bwiza bwo kuziba amazi mu mugozi wa fiber optique. Ingaruka zo kuziba amazi z'ubudodo bw'ibirahuri bufunga amazi ni nziza kuruta iz'ubudodo bw'ibirahuri bufunga amazi, bufite igipimo cyo kubyimba cya 160%, mu gihe ubudodo bw'ibirahuri bufunga amazi bufite igipimo cyo kubyimba cya 200%. Iyo ingano y'ubudodo bw'ibirahuri yiyongereye, ingaruka zo kuziba amazi zizaba nziza cyane. Ni inyubako yumye ifunga amazi, kandi nta mpamvu yo guhanagura amavuta mu gihe cyo guhuza, byoroshye cyane kubaka kandi bihuye n'ibisabwa n'ibidukikije.
(5) Ubudodo bwa Fiberglass nk'imiterere yo gukomeza insinga ya fibre optique bufite ubushobozi bwo koroha, bushobora gukuraho ingaruka mbi z'insinga ya fibre optique ikomeye cyane kandi idakomeye kubera imbaraga, ibyo bikaba byorohereza ibintu byose mu gukora no gushyiraho. Nta ngaruka igira ku mikorere yo guhindagura insinga ya fibre optique, kandi uburebure bwo guhinda bushobora kuba inshuro 10 z'umurambararo w'insinga, bikaba bikwiye cyane mu gushyiramo ibintu bigoye.
(6) Ubucucike bw'ubudodo bw'ibirahure ni 2.5g/cm3, insinga ya fiber optique ifite ubudodo bw'ibirahure nk'imbaraga ni nto, bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gutwara.
(7) Ubudodo bw'ibirahure bufite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurwanya imbeba. Mu mirima myinshi no mu misozi miremire mu Bushinwa, ibimera birakwiriye ko imbeba zikomeza kubaho, kandi impumuro idasanzwe iri mu gipfunyika cya pulasitiki cy'umugozi wa fiber optique biroroshye gukurura imbeba ngo zirye, bityo umurongo w'umugozi w'itumanaho ukunze kugira ikibazo cyo kurumwa n'imbeba rimwe na rimwe kandi bigira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'itumanaho, kandi mu bihe bikomeye, bishobora no gutuma umuyoboro w'itumanaho w'imirongo y'inyuma uhagarara kandi bigatera igihombo gikomeye kuri sosiyete. Ibyiza n'ibibi by'uburyo busanzwe bwo kwirinda imbeba no kwirinda imbeba z'imigozi y'ikirahure biragereranywa mu mbonerahamwe ikurikira.
6. Umwanzuro
Muri make, ubudodo bw'ibirahure ntabwo bufite imikorere myiza gusa, ahubwo bufite n'igiciro gito, ibyo bikaba bizahinduka insinga za fiber optique zikoreshwa cyane, bikagabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora insinga za fiber optique, kandi bigahaza neza ibyifuzo bitandukanye by'abakiriya bo mu gihugu no mu mahanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-09-2022