Imiterere ya kabili nibikoresho byo gukora amashanyarazi.

Imiterere ya kabili isa nkiyoroshye, mubyukuri, buri kintu cyacyo gifite intego yacyo yihariye, bityo buri kintu kigomba gutorwa neza mugihe cyo gukora umugozi, kugirango harebwe niba umugozi wizewe wakozwe muri ibyo bikoresho mugihe ukora.

1. Ibikoresho byuyobora
Amateka, ibikoresho byakoreshwaga mu gutwara amashanyarazi byari umuringa na aluminium. Sodium nayo yageragejwe muri make. Umuringa na aluminiyumu bifite amashanyarazi meza, kandi ingano y'umuringa iba mike iyo yohereje umuyoboro umwe, bityo diameter yo hanze y'umuyoboro w'umuringa iba nto ugereranije n'iy'umuyoboro wa aluminium. Igiciro cya aluminiyumu kiri hasi cyane ugereranije n'umuringa. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko ubucucike bwumuringa ari bunini kuruta ubwa aluminium, nubwo ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubu bumeze kimwe, igice cyambukiranya umuyoboro wa aluminium nini kuruta icy'umuringa, ariko umugozi wa aluminium uracyari woroshye kuruta umugozi w’umuringa. .

2. Ibikoresho byo kubika
Hano haribikoresho byinshi byokoresha insinga z'amashanyarazi MV zishobora gukoresha, ndetse harimo nibikoresho bikuze byikoranabuhanga byinjijwe mu buryo bwa tekinoloji, byakoreshejwe neza mu myaka irenga 100. Uyu munsi, polimer isohora polymer yemewe cyane. Ibikoresho bisohora polymer birimo PE (LDPE na HDPE), XLPE, WTR-XLPE na EPR. Ibi bikoresho ni thermoplastique kimwe na thermosetting. Ibikoresho bya Thermoplastique bihinduka iyo bishyushye, mugihe ibikoresho bya termoset bigumana imiterere yabyo mubushyuhe bwo gukora.

2.1. Impapuro
Mugitangira cyibikorwa byabo, insinga zometseho impapuro zitwara umutwaro muto gusa kandi zirabungabunzwe neza. Nyamara, abakoresha ingufu bakomeje gukora umugozi utwara ibintu byinshi kandi byinshi biremereye, uburyo bwambere bwo gukoresha ntibukibereye gukenera umugozi uriho, noneho uburambe bwiza bwambere ntibushobora kwerekana imikorere yigihe kizaza igomba kuba nziza . Mu myaka yashize, insinga zikoreshwa mu mpapuro zakoreshejwe gake.
2.2.PVC
PVC iracyakoreshwa nkibikoresho bikingira insinga nke za 1kV kandi ni ibikoresho byo gukata. Nyamara, ikoreshwa rya PVC mugukwirakwiza insinga rirasimburwa byihuse na XLPE, kandi gusaba mu cyatsi birasimburwa byihuse n’umurongo muto wa polyethylene (LLDPE), polyethylene yuzuye (MDPE) cyangwa polyethylene yuzuye (HDPE), na non -I nsinga za PVC zifite ubuzima buke bwikiguzi.
2.3. Polyethylene (PE)
Umuvuduko muke wa polyethylene (LDPE) wakozwe mu myaka ya za 1930, ubu ukaba ukoreshwa nk'ibiti fatizo bya polyethylene (XLPE) hamwe n'ibiti birwanya amazi bihujwe na polyethylene (WTR-XLPE). Muri leta ya thermoplastique, ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora bwa polyethylene ni 75 ° C, bukaba buri munsi yubushyuhe bwo gukora bwinsinga zometse ku mpapuro (80 ~ 90 ° C). Iki kibazo cyakemutse haje polyethylene ihuza (XLPE), ishobora guhura cyangwa kurenza ubushyuhe bwa serivisi bwinsinga zashizwemo impapuro.

2.4.Polyethylene ihuza (XLPE)
XLPE ni ibikoresho bya termosetting bikozwe no kuvanga polyethylene nkeya (LDPE) hamwe na agent ihuza (nka peroxide).
Ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora ubushyuhe bwa kabili ya XLPE ni 90 ° C, ikizamini kirenze urugero kigera kuri 140 ° C, kandi ubushyuhe bwumuzunguruko bugufi bushobora kugera kuri 250 ° C. XLPE ifite imiterere myiza ya dielectric kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi. ya 600V kugeza 500kV.

2.5. Igiti cyihanganira amazi Umusaraba uhujwe na polyethylene (WTR-XLPE)
Ibiti byamazi bizagabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi ya kabili ya XLPE. Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo kugabanya imikurire y’igiti cy’amazi, ariko kimwe mubikunze kwemerwa cyane ni ugukoresha ibikoresho byabugenewe byabugenewe byabugenewe kugirango bibuze gukura kw ibiti byamazi, byitwa ibiti birwanya amazi bihuza polyethylene WTR-XLPE.

2.6. Ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)
EPR ni ibikoresho bya termosetting bikozwe muri Ethylene, propylene (rimwe na rimwe monomer ya gatatu), naho copolymer ya monomers eshatu yitwa Ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM). Kurenza ubushyuhe bugari, EPR burigihe ikomeza yoroshye kandi ifite corona nziza. Ariko, igihombo cya dielectric cyibikoresho bya EPR kiri hejuru cyane ugereranije na XLPE na WTR-XLPE.

3. Inzira yo gukingirwa
Guhuza inzira byihariye kuri polymer yakoreshejwe. Gukora polymers bihujwe bitangirana na matrix polymer hanyuma stabilisateur hamwe na crosslinkers byongeweho kugirango bibe bivanze. Guhuza inzira byongera ingingo zihuza kumiterere ya molekile. Iyo bimaze guhuzwa, urunigi rwa polymer rukomeza kuba rworoshye, ariko ntirushobora gucibwa rwose mumazi ashonga.

4. Kiyobora gukingira no kubika ibikoresho byo gukingira
Igice cya kimwe cya kabiri cyikingira gisohoka hejuru yinyuma yumuyoboro hamwe nubushakashatsi kugirango bahuze umurima wamashanyarazi no kubamo umurima wamashanyarazi mumashanyarazi. Ibi bikoresho birimo urwego rwa injeniyeri yibikoresho byumukara wa karubone kugirango bishoboke gukingira umugozi kugirango ugere kumurongo uhamye murwego rusabwa.