Insinga zirwanya ubushyuhe buke (zikunze kwitwa "insinga zirinda ubukonje") ni ubwoko bw'insinga zihariye zagenewe ahantu hashyuha cyane. Ishingiro ryazo rigizwe no gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye birwanya ubushyuhe buke, bigatuma zigumana imiterere myiza y'amashanyarazi n'imashini ndetse no mu bihe bikomeye kuva kuri -40°C kugeza kuri -60°C. Mu buryo bunyuranye, insinga zisanzwe zigira ingaruka mbi ku mikorere yazo muri ubwo buryo kandi ntizishobora kwemeza ko zikora neza kandi neza.
1. Itandukaniro ry'ibanze: Guhitamo ibikoresho
Ibikoresho ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi kigena ubushyuhe buke bw'insinga, cyane cyane bigaragarira mu gukingira no gukingira insinga.
Ibikoresho byo gukingira
Insinga zirwanya ubushyuhe buke: Koresha ibikoresho byihariye byo gukingira nk'ibinyabutabire bya fluoropolymers, Polyurethane (PU), PVC yahinduwe mu bushyuhe buke, na Polyethylene ihuza ubushyuhe buke (XLPE). Ibi bikoresho bifite imiterere ya molekile ifite ubushobozi bwo koroshya ubushyuhe buke, bigatuma urwego rwo gukingira rudacika cyangwa ngo rugabanuke mu gihe cy'ubukonje bukabije.
Insinga zisanzwe: Ubusanzwe zikoresha PVC isanzwe cyangwaXLPE, ikomera vuba kandi igacika intege iyo ubushyuhe buri hasi, bigatuma ubushyuhe bunanirwa.
Ibikoresho byo Guteka
Insinga zirwanya ubushyuhe buke: Igice cyo hanze gikunze gukoresha Nitrile Rubber, Chloroprene Rubber (CR), EPDM, Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), cyangwa ibikoresho byihariye bikoresha ubushyuhe buke.Ibikoresho bya LSZHIbi bikoresho ntibirinda ubushyuhe buke gusa, ahubwo binatanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwangirika, kurwanya amavuta, kurwanya imirasire ya UV, no kurwanya ikirere, bitanga uburinzi bwuzuye ku nsinga.
Insinga zisanzwe: Agakoresho gakozwe ahanini muri PVC cyangwa Polyethylene (PE), gashobora gusaza no kwangirika bitewe n'ubushyuhe buke n'ibidukikije bigoye, bigatuma gatakaza ubushobozi bwako bwo kurinda.
2. Itandukaniro mu miterere n'imikorere
Hashingiwe ku miterere y'ibikoresho, ubwoko bubiri bw'insinga bugaragaza itandukaniro rinini mu miterere y'inyubako n'imikorere ya nyuma.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi n'imiterere y'inyubako
Insinga zirwanya ubushyuhe buke:
Konkireri: Akenshi ikoresha insinga z'umuringa zifite imigozi myinshi, nziza cyane, zivanze neza zidafite ogisijeni cyangwa umuringa wo mu gikombe, bikongera cyane ubushobozi bw'insinga bwo koroha no kudakora ogisijeni.
Imiterere: Uburebure bw'inkingi yo hasi hamwe n'uburyo bwo kongeramo insinga zo gukurura, uduce duto two kurwanya kwizunguruka, cyangwa uduce duto two gufunga kugira ngo twongere imbaraga zo kunama, guhindukira, no kudakora neza, bikwiye gukoreshwa mu kwimuka.
Insinga zisanzwe: Insinga zagenewe cyane cyane gushyirwaho mu bushyuhe buri hagati y’ikirere, zifite ubushobozi bworoshye bwo gufunga umurongo w’amashanyarazi n’imbaraga nke zo gukomeza.
Kugereranya Imikorere y'ingenzi
Insinga zirwanya ubushyuhe buke:
Imikorere ya Mekanike: Igumana ubushobozi bwo koroha, imbaraga nyinshi zo gukurura, no kudacika intege ndetse no mu gihe cy'ubukonje bukabije.
Imikorere y'amashanyarazi: Ishobora kubungabunga uburinzi buhamye bw'ubushyuhe n'amashanyarazi bihangana n'urugero rw'amashanyarazi, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara amashanyarazi.
Kwihanganira ibidukikije: Ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwangirika kw'ibintu, kurwanya ingese mu buryo budasanzwe, no kurwanya ikirere.
Insinga zisanzwe:
Imikorere ya Mechanical: Itakaza ubushobozi bwo koroha iyo ubushyuhe buri hasi; icyuma gikingira n'ubushyuhe bikunze kwangirika, bigatuma bishobora kwangirika cyane.
Imikorere y'amashanyarazi: Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe bugabanuka cyane, ibyago byo kwangirika biriyongera, bigatera ibyago bikomeye by'umutekano.
3. Imiterere y'Ishyirwa mu Bikorwa n'Ibyerekeye Ubukungu
Itandukaniro ry'imikorere rigena mu buryo butaziguye amashami y'ikoreshwa ryayo n'ubushobozi bw'ubukungu.
Ingero z'Ikoreshwa
Insinga zirwanya ubushyuhe buke: Ni amahitamo akenewe mu turere nk'uturere two ku mpera y'isi, ahantu ho kubika ibintu bikonje mu nganda, ahantu ho mu misozi miremire, aho ubwato buhagarara, ingufu z'umuyaga wo hanze, ibikoresho byo mu nyanja nini, ibyuma, peteroli, indege, n'ubushakashatsi ku bintu bya Antarctica.
Insinga zisanzwe: Zikwiriye gusa gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu nzu, no mu nyubako zisanzwe z’inganda n’iz’abaturage mu turere dushyuha cyane n’ahandi hantu hashyuha cyane.
Gushyiraho no kubungabunga
Insinga zirwanya ubushyuhe buke: Zagenewe gushyirwaho mu bushyuhe buke; rimwe na rimwe, zishobora gukoreshwa hamwe n'ingamba zo gushyushya mbere y'igihe, zitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gushyiraho, uburyo bwizewe cyane, kandi zigakoreshwa mu buryo buke bwo kubungabunga.
Insinga zisanzwe: Gushyiramo insinga ahantu hashyuha cyane birabujijwe cyane, kuko bishobora kwangiza burundu urwego rw'ubushyuhe, bigatera ikiguzi kinini cyo kubungabunga.
Isesengura ry'Ibiciro
Insinga zirwanya ubushyuhe buke: Bitewe no gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye n'imikorere igoye, ikiguzi cyo kugura mbere kiri hejuru. Ariko, mu buryo bwabigenewe, zitanga imikorere yizewe kandi zimara igihe kirekire, bigatuma ikiguzi cyose cyo gutunga gigabanuka.
Insinga zisanzwe: Zifite ikiguzi gito cyo gutangira, ariko iyo zikoreshejwe nabi ahantu hashyuha cyane, zizatera gucika intege kenshi, igihe cyo kudakora, ndetse n'impanuka z'umutekano, bigatuma ikiguzi rusange kiba kinini.
Incamake
Guhitamo hagati y’insinga zirwanya ubushyuhe buke n’insinga zisanzwe si icyemezo cyoroshye gishingiye ku giciro gusa, ahubwo ni icyemezo cy’ubuhanga mu by’imikorere y’imashini gishingira ku bushyuhe bw’aho ikoreshwa. Guhitamo neza ni cyo kintu cy’ingenzi gisabwa kugira ngo sisitemu z’amashanyarazi zikore neza, mu buryo burambye kandi butekanye mu bidukikije bifite ubushyuhe buke.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-28-2025