Insinga n'insinga ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'urusobe rw'amashanyarazi kandi bikoreshwa mu kohereza ingufu z'amashanyarazi n'ibimenyetso. Bitewe n'aho ikoreshwa n'aho ikoreshwa, hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'insinga n'insinga. Hari insinga z'umuringa zidafite ibara, insinga z'amashanyarazi, insinga zishyushya hejuru, insinga zo kugenzura, insinga z'imyenda n'insinga zidasanzwe n'ibindi.
Uretse ubwoko bw'insinga n'insinga zisanzwe zavuzwe haruguru, hari insinga n'insinga zidasanzwe, nk'insinga n'insinga zishyuha cyane, insinga n'insinga zirwanya ingese, insinga n'insinga zirinda kwangirika. Izi nsinga n'insinga zifite imiterere n'imikoreshereze yihariye, zikwiriye ikoreshwa ry'inganda n'ibindi bikorwa byihariye.
Muri make, ukurikije imiterere itandukanye y'ikoreshwa n'uburyo ikoreshwa, guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye bw'insinga n'insinga bishobora kwemeza ko sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ikora neza kandi ihamye. Muri icyo gihe, ubwiza n'umutekano by'insinga n'insinga nabyo bifitanye isano itaziguye n'umutekano w'umutungo bwite, bityo witondere guhitamo ibirango bisanzwe n'insinga n'insinga nziza byizewe mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha. Ibi bikurikira bisobanura ubwoko bwinshi bw'insinga n'insinga busanzwe n'imiterere yabyo. Nizeye kugufasha gusobanukirwa neza icyo icyitegererezo gisobanura.
Ubwoko bwa mbere bw'insinga n'insinga: insinga y'umuringa idafite ibara
Insinga zidafite uburibwe n'ibicuruzwa bya conductor bidafite uburibwe bivuga insinga zikoresha uburibwe zidafite uburibwe n'icyuma gikingira, ahanini harimo insinga imwe idafite uburibwe, insinga idafite uburibwe n'ibicuruzwa bitatu bitandukanye.
Insinga imwe ya aluminiyumu ikoze mu muringa: harimo insinga imwe y'umuringa yoroshye, insinga imwe ikomeye y'umuringa, insinga imwe yoroheje ya aluminiyumu, insinga imwe ikomeye ya aluminiyumu. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane nk'ubwoko butandukanye bw'insinga n'insinga, insinga nke z'itumanaho n'ibikoresho bya moteri.
Insinga zidafite icyuma: harimo insinga zikomeye zikozwe mu muringa (TJ), insinga zikomeye zikozwe mu muringa (LJ), insinga za aluminiyumu zikozwe mu muringa (LHAJ), insinga z’icyuma zikozwe mu muringa (LGJ) zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu guhuza ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi n’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga cyangwa ibice byabyo, ibisobanuro by’insinga zitandukanye zavuzwe haruguru biri hagati ya 1.0-300mm².
Ubwoko bwa kabiri bw'insinga n'insinga: insinga y'amashanyarazi
Insinga y'amashanyarazi iri mu ruti rw'umugongo rw'ingufu zo kohereza no gukwirakwiza ibikoresho by'insinga z'amashanyarazi zikoresha ingufu nyinshi, harimo 1 ~ 330KV no hejuru y'urugero rw'amashanyarazi atandukanye, insinga z'amashanyarazi zitandukanye zirinda ubushyuhe.
Igice ni 1.5, 2.5, 4, 6, 10, 16, 25, 35, 50, 70, 95, 120, 150, 185, 240, 300, 400, 500, 630, 800mm², naho umubare w'ibanze ni 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3+1, 3+2.
Insinga z'amashanyarazi zigabanyijemo insinga z'amashanyarazi make, insinga z'amashanyarazi aciriritse, insinga z'amashanyarazi menshi n'ibindi. Dukurikije imiterere y'ubushyuhe, zigabanyijemo insinga za pulasitiki zifunze, insinga zifunze za rubber, insinga zifunze za mineral n'ibindi.
Ubwoko bwa gatatu bw'insinga n'insinga: insinga zishyushya hejuru
Insinga zo hejuru nazo zirakunze kugaragara cyane, zirangwa no kutagira ikoti. Abantu benshi bafite imyumvire itatu itari yo kuri izi nsinga. Icya mbere, ibyuma byazo si aluminiyumu gusa, ahubwo ni n'ibyuma biyobora umuringa (JKYJ, JKV) n'ibyuma biyobora aluminium (JKLHYJ). Ubu hariho n'insinga zo hejuru za aluminiyumu zishyizwe hejuru (JKLGY). Icya kabiri, si insinga imwe gusa, isanzwe muri rusange ni insinga imwe, ariko ishobora no kuba igizwe n'ibyuma byinshi biyobora amashanyarazi. Icya gatatu, urwego rw'amashanyarazi rw'insinga yo hejuru ni 35KV no munsi yayo, ntabwo ari 1KV na 10KV gusa.
Ubwoko bwa kane bw'insinga n'insinga: insinga yo kugenzura
Ubwoko bw'imiterere y'insinga n'insinga y'amashanyarazi bisa, birangwa n'inkingi y'umuringa gusa, nta nsinga y'inkingi ya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa, igice cy'imashini ni gito, umubare w'insinga ni munini, nka 24 * 1.5, 30 * 2.5 n'ibindi.
Ikwiriye ingufu za AC 450/750V no munsi yayo, sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi, sitasiyo nto, ibirombe, ibigo bicukura peteroli n'ibindi bikoresho byigenga byo kugenzura cyangwa kugenzura ibikoresho. Kugira ngo hongerwe ubushobozi bw'insinga y'ikimenyetso cyo kugenzura kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka mbi z'imbere n'inyuma, hifashishijwe cyane cyane urwego rwo kurinda.
Modeli zisanzwe ni KVV, KYJV, KYJV22, KVV22, KVVP. Igisobanuro cy'icyitegererezo: "K" urwego rw'insinga zo kugenzura, "V"PVCgukingira, “YJ”polyethylene ifatanyeubushyuhe, agakingirizo ka "V" ka PVC, agakingirizo k'insinga z'umuringa ka "P".
Ku ruhande rw'uburinzi, KVVP isanzwe ni uburinzi bw'insinga z'umuringa, niba ari uburinzi bw'umuringa, bugaragazwa nka KVVP2, niba ari uburinzi bw'icyuma gikozwe muri aluminiyumu na plastiki, ni KVVP3.
Ubwoko bwa gatanu bw'insinga n'insinga: Insinga zo mu nzu
Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu makabati yo mu rugo no mu bikoresho byo gukwirakwiza, kandi insinga za BV zikunze kuvugwa ni iz'insinga z'imyenda. Modeli ni BV, BLV, BVR, RVV, RVVP, BVVB n'izindi.
Mu buryo bw'icyitegererezo bw'insinga n'insinga, B ikunze kugaragara, kandi ahantu hatandukanye hagaragaza ibisobanuro bitandukanye.
Urugero, BVVB, intangiriro ya B ni igisobanuro cy'insinga, ni ukugaragaza uburyo insinga zishyirwa mu bikorwa, kimwe n'uko JK isobanura insinga yo hejuru, K isobanura insinga yo kugenzura. B iri ku iherezo ihagarariye ubwoko bw'insinga, ari nabyo bisabwa byihariye kuri insinga. Igisobanuro cya BVVB ni: insinga y'umuringa ya polyvinyl chloride ishyushye ya polyvinyl chloride.
Ubwoko bwa gatandatu bw'insinga n'insinga: Insinga zidasanzwe
Insinga zihariye ni insinga zifite imikorere yihariye, zirimo insinga zigabanya umuriro (ZR), insinga zitagira umwotsi mwinshi (WDZ), insinga zirinda umuriro (NH), insinga zirinda guturika (FB), insinga zirinda imbeba n'insinga zirinda isazi (FS), insinga zirinda amazi (ZS), n'izindi. Insinga zigabanya umuriro (ZR), insinga zitagira umwotsi mwinshi (WDZ): zikwiriye cyane cyane sisitemu z'ingenzi z'amashanyarazi n'ubugenzuzi.
Iyo umurongo uhuye n'umuriro, insinga ishobora gushya gusa iyo umuriro wo hanze utangiye, umwotsi uba muto, kandi umwuka mubi (halogen) uri mu mwotsi nawo uba muto cyane.
Iyo umuriro wo hanze ubuze, insinga ishobora no kuzimya ubwayo, bityo umuriro ku mubiri w'umuntu no ku mutungo ukagabanuka. Kubwibyo, ubwo bwoko bw'insinga bukoreshwa cyane mu mashanyarazi, amashanyarazi, ibyuma, inyubako ndende n'ahantu hatuwe cyane n'abantu benshi n'ahandi hantu hakomeye.
Insinga ifata umwuka (NH): ikwiriye cyane cyane mu buryo bw'ingenzi bw'amashanyarazi n'ubugenzuzi. Iyo umurongo w'amashanyarazi urimo gushya, insinga idashobora gushya ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 750 ~ 800 ° C mu gihe kirenga iminota 90 kugira ngo ibone uburyo bwo kohereza umuriro mu buryo bwizewe kugira ngo itsinde igihe gihagije cyo kurwanya inkongi no kugabanya ibiza.
Mu gihe cy’ibihe bidasanzwe, hahora haboneka ibintu bishya, nk’insinga zirinda umuriro, insinga zirinda umuriro, insinga zirinda umwotsi mwinshi, insinga zirinda imbeba, insinga zirinda amavuta, ubukonje, ubushyuhe, insinga zirinda kwangirika, n’izindi, nk’insinga zifatanye n’imirasire, n’ibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-20-2024