Turabizi ko insinga zitandukanye zifite imikorere itandukanye niyo mpamvu zitandukanye. Mubisanzwe, umugozi ugizwe nuyobora, gukingira ikibiriti, urwego rwimitsi, urwego rwimyenda, hamwe nintwaro. Ukurikije ibiranga, imiterere iratandukanye. Nyamara, abantu benshi ntibasobanutse neza itandukaniro riri hagati yo gukingirwa, gukingira, hamwe nicyatsi kibisi. Reka tubice kugirango tubyumve neza.
(1) Urwego
Igikoresho cyo kubika insinga gitanga mbere na mbere ubwishingizi hagati yuyobora hamwe n’ibidukikije cyangwa ibidukikije byegeranye. Iremeza ko amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi ya elegitoroniki, cyangwa ibimenyetso bya optique bitwawe nuyobora byanduzwa gusa nuyobora bitanyuze hanze, mu gihe kandi birinda ibintu byo hanze n’abakozi. Imikorere ya insulasiyo igena mu buryo butaziguye voltage yagenwe umugozi ushobora kwihanganira nubuzima bwa serivisi, bigatuma iba kimwe mubice byingenzi bigize umugozi.
Ibikoresho byo kubika insinga birashobora kugabanywa mubikoresho byo kubika plastike hamwe nibikoresho bya reberi. Intsinga y'amashanyarazi ya plastike, nkuko izina ribigaragaza, ifite ibice byabigenewe bikozwe muri plastiki zasohotse. Amashanyarazi asanzwe arimo Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Polyethylene (PE),Polyethylene ihuza (XLPE), n'umwotsi muke Zero Halogen (LSZH). Muri byo, XLPE ikoreshwa cyane mu nsinga ziciriritse n’umuvuduko mwinshi bitewe n’imiterere y’amashanyarazi n’ubukanishi, ndetse no kurwanya ubukonje bukabije bw’umuriro ndetse n’imikorere ya dielectric.
Ku rundi ruhande, insinga z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa na reberi, zakozwe muri reberi ivanze n'inyongeramusaruro zitandukanye kandi bigatunganyirizwa mu bwigunge. Ibikoresho bisanzwe byifashishwa bya reberi birimo imvange ya rubber-styrene isanzwe, EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer rubber), na butyl rubber. Ibi bikoresho biroroshye kandi byoroshye, bikwiranye no kugenda kenshi na radiyo ntoya. Mubisabwa nko gucukura amabuye, amato, hamwe nibyambu, aho kurwanya abrasion, kurwanya amavuta, hamwe no guhinduka ni ngombwa, insinga zikoreshwa na reberi zigira uruhare rudasubirwaho.
(2) Icyatsi
Igice cyicyatsi gifasha insinga guhuza ibidukikije bitandukanye. Bikoreshejwe hejuru yububiko, uruhare runini rwarwo ni ukurinda ibice byimbere byumugozi kwangirika kwimashini no kwangirika kwimiti, mugihe kandi byongera imbaraga za mashini ya kabili, bigatanga ubukana bukabije. Urupapuro rwemeza ko umugozi urinzwe n’ingutu ziterwa n’ibikoresho nk’amazi, urumuri rw’izuba, kwangirika kw’ibinyabuzima, n’umuriro, bityo bikomeza gukora amashanyarazi igihe kirekire. Ubwiza bwicyatsi bugira ingaruka itaziguye mubuzima bwa serivisi ya kabili.
Icyatsi kibisi gitanga kandi kurwanya umuriro, kutagira umuriro, kurwanya amavuta, aside na alkali, hamwe no kurwanya UV. Ukurikije ibyasabwe, ibyatsi birashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu bwingenzi: icyuma cyuma (harimo icyuma cyo hanze), reberi / plastike, hamwe nicyatsi kibisi. Rubber / plastike hamwe nudusimba twinshi ntabwo birinda kwangirika gusa ahubwo binatanga amashanyarazi, kutagira umuriro, kurwanya umuriro, no kurwanya ruswa. Mubidukikije bikaze nkubushuhe buhebuje, tunel zo munsi yubutaka, hamwe nibimera bya chimique, imikorere yicyatsi ni ngombwa cyane. Ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge ntabwo byongerera serivisi serivisi gusa ahubwo binongera cyane umutekano no kwizerwa mugihe gikora.
(3) Gukingira
Igice cyo gukingira umugozi kigabanyijemo gukingira imbere no gukingira hanze. Izi nzego zituma habaho imikoranire myiza hagati yuyobora no gukingira, kimwe no hagati y’imyororokere n’imbere, bikuraho ubukana bw’umuriro w’amashanyarazi bwatewe n’ubuso bukabije bw’abayobora cyangwa ibice by'imbere. Umugozi w'amashanyarazi uringaniye kandi mwinshi cyane muri rusange ufite imiyoboro ikingira ikingira kandi ikingira izirinda, mugihe insinga zimwe na zimwe zidasanzwe zishobora kuba zidafite ibikoresho byo gukingira.
Kwikingira birashobora kuba igice cya kabiri cyikingira cyangwa gukingira ibyuma. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukingira ibyuma birimo gupfunyika kaseti y'umuringa, gukata insinga z'umuringa, hamwe na aluminium foil-polyester ikomatanya kaseti ndende. Intsinga ikingiwe akenshi ikoresha ibyubatswe nko guhinduranya byombi gukingira, gukingira amatsinda, cyangwa gukingira muri rusange. Ibishushanyo nkibi bitanga igihombo gito cya dielectric, ubushobozi bwogukwirakwiza, hamwe nibikorwa byiza byo kurwanya-kwivanga, bigafasha kwanduza kwizerwa ryibimenyetso bigereranywa no kurwanya imbaraga za electromagnetiki zikomeye mu nganda. Zikoreshwa cyane mu kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi, metallurgie, peteroli, inganda z’imiti, inzira ya gari ya moshi, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura umusaruro.
Kubijyanye no gukingira ibikoresho, gukingira imbere akenshi gukoresha impapuro zikozwe mucyuma cyangwa ibikoresho bitwara igice, mugihe gukingira hanze bishobora kuba bigizwe no gufunga kaseti y'umuringa cyangwa gufunga insinga z'umuringa. Ibikoresho byo kubitsa mubisanzwe ni umuringa wambaye ubusa cyangwa umuringa usizwe, kandi rimwe na rimwe insinga zikozwe mu ifeza zikozwe mu ifeza kugira ngo irusheho kwangirika no kwangirika. Imiterere ikingiwe neza yo gukingira ntabwo itezimbere gusa amashanyarazi yinsinga ahubwo inagabanya neza imishwarara yumuriro wa electromagnetic kubikoresho byegeranye. Muri iki gihe amashanyarazi akomeye kandi ashingiye ku makuru, akamaro ko gukingira kugaragara.
Mu gusoza, ibyo nibitandukaniro nimirimo yo kubika insinga, gukingira, hamwe nicyatsi. ISI imwe yibutsa abantu bose ko insinga zifitanye isano rya bugufi nubuzima numutekano. Intsinga zujuje ubuziranenge ntizigomba gukoreshwa; burigihe isoko ituruka kubakora insinga zizwi.
ISI imwe yibanda ku gutanga ibikoresho fatizo by'insinga kandi yiyemeje guha abakiriya ibisubizo byiza. Ibicuruzwa byacu bikubiyemo ibikoresho bitandukanye, ibyatsi, nibikoresho byo gukingira, nka XLPE, PVC, LSZH, Aluminium Foil Mylar Tape, Umuringa,Mika Tape, n'ibindi. Hamwe na serivise ihamye kandi yuzuye, dutanga inkunga ihamye yo gukora insinga kwisi yose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-20-2025