1 IRIBURIRO
Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryikoranabuhanga ryitumanaho mu myaka icumi ishize cyangwa rero, urwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa insinga za fibre optique zagutse. Mugihe ibipimo byibidukikije kubisiba bya fibre optique bikomeje kwiyongera, niko ibisabwa byimiterere yibikoresho bikoreshwa mumashanyarazi ya fibre. Fibre Optic Cable Amazi-Guhagarika Ikarita nibikoresho bisanzwe byamazi byakoreshejwe muri fibre cable Carble Cartsry Inganda za Fibre Mu myaka yashize, "ibara ryumye" ryatangijwe mumigozi ya Optique. Ubu bwoko bwibikoresho bya kabili mubisanzwe bihuza kaseti, umugozi cyangwa ifunze kugirango wirinde amazi kwinjira kure cyane muri kabili nyamukuru. Hamwe no kwemerwa kwiyongera kwumye insinga za optique, ishingiro ryumye fibre optique ibikoresho byihuse bisimbuza byihuse peteroli-ishingiye ku byuzuzanya. Ibikoresho byumye bikoresha polymer bikurura amazi kugirango akore hydrogel, bikabyimba kandi byuzura imiyoboro yinjira mumazi ya kantle. Byongeye kandi, nkuko ibikoresho byumye bitarimo amavuta yimye, bidakenewe, bisabwa kugirango bategure umugozi wo gutemba, kandi igihe cya scable kiraragabanuka cyane. Uburemere bworoshye bwa kabili hamwe nuguhindura neza hagati yinyuma yo gushimangira imyenda no gushiramo ntibigabanuka, bituma hahitamo ikunzwe.
2 Ingaruka z'amazi kumigozi hamwe nuburyo bwo kurwanya amazi
The main reason why a variety of water-blocking measures should be taken is that water entering the cable will decompose into hydrogen and O H- ions, which will increase the transmission loss of the optical fibre, reduce the performance of the fibre and shorten the life of the cable. Ingamba zisanzwe zibuza amazi nuzuza paste ya peteroli hanyuma wongere kaseti ihagarika amazi, yuzuye icyuho kiri hagati yo gukumira amazi nubushuhe kuva mu mazi.
Iyo ibikomokaho bya synthetike bikoreshwa mubunini bunini nka fibre muri fibre optic. Imiterere y "ibiti by'amazi" mu bikoresho byo kuzigama nimpamvu nyamukuru itera ingaruka kubikorwa byohereza. Uburyo ibikoresho bikingira bigira ingaruka ku biti by'amazi bisobanurwa ku buryo bukurikira: Kubera amashanyarazi akomeye (indi hypotheles y'amashanyarazi yahinduwe mu miterere yihuse ya electrong ya fibre optic cable umugozi wa fibre. Molekile y'amazi izinjira mu mubare utandukanye ya micro-pore mu mugozi wambaye ubusa, gukora "ibiti by'amazi", bikwira mu cyerekezo kinini cy'ubwicanyi, kandi bigira ingaruka ku mikorere ya kabili. Nyuma yimyaka myinshi yubushakashatsi no kwipimisha, hagati ya 1980, kugirango ushake uburyo bwo gukuraho inzira nziza yo kubuza ibiti byamazi, bigabanya imikurire yibiti byamazi, Muri icyo gihe, kubera ibyangiritse byo hanze no gucengera amazi, inzitizi y'amazi irashobora kandi guhagarika amazi, ntabwo ari ikwirakwizwa rya kabili.
3 Incamake yinzitizi yamazi
3. 1 Ibyiciro bya fibre optic cable inzitizi zamazi
Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gutondekanya inzitizi zamazi meza, zishobora gushyirwa mubikorwa ukurikije imiterere yabo, ubuziranenge nubwinshi. Muri rusange, barashobora gushyirwa mu mwanya ukurikije imiterere yabo: uruhande rwinshi rwarashize amazi, amazi n'inyenzi. Igikorwa cya Barrière imikorere ya bariyeri yamazi ahanini biterwa ahanini nibikoresho byingenzi byamazi (bita inzitizi y'amazi. Ibi birimo ibisanzwe na shitingi yahinduwe.
Nubwo aya mazi asanzwe cyangwa igice gisanzwe-abatwara amazi afite imitungo myiza, bafite ibibi bibiri byica:
1) Ni Biodegradage na 2) baraka cyane. Ibi bituma bidashoboka ko bikoreshwa muri fibre optic cable. Ubundi bwoko bwibintu bya synthetike mu mazi, bigaragazwa na polyacrylates, bishobora gukoreshwa nkamazi ibi bikurikira: 1) Iyo bahuye nibisabwa byose: 1) Iyo bahuye nibisabwa byose: 1) Iyo bahuye nibisabwa byose: 1) Iyo bahuye nibisabwa bikurikira:
2) Iyo zumye, barashobora kwihanganira ibihe byo gukora mumigozi ya optique (gusiganwa ku magare mubyumba bigera kuri 90 ° C) bitabangamiye ubuzima bwumugozi, kandi birashobora kandi kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi mugihe gito;
3) Iyo amazi yinjiye, barashobora kubyimba vuba kandi bagakora gel umuvuduko wo kwaguka.
4) Tanga gel ya visorungano cyane, ndetse no hejuru yubushyuhe bwinshi vicosity ya gel ihagaze neza.
Synthesis yo guhagarika amazi irashobora kugabanywa muburyo bukomeye bwa shimi - uburyo bwo gusubirwamo (uburyo bwamazi-mumazi yambukiranya ubusoni - Uburyo bwa Disiki, "Cobalt 60". Uburyo bwa Cross-Guhuza bushingiye kuri "codalt muburyo bwa 60" γ-uburyo. Uburyo butandukanye bwa synthesis bufite impamyabumenyi zitandukanye no guhuza no guhuza bityo bisabwa cyane kubakozi babuza amazi asabwa mumazi. Gusa polyacrylates irashobora kuzuza ibisabwa bine byavuzwe haruguru, ukurikije ibishishwa byamazi (akuramo amazi meza ya sodium yambukiranya polyacrylate yambukiranya poltacrylate) kugirango ugere ku ntego yo kwivanga hamwe no hejuru. byinshi. Ibisabwa by'ibanze ni: Gukoresha amazi menshi birashobora kugera ku bihe bigera kuri 400, igipimo cy'amazi gishobora kugera ku munota wa mbere wo gukuramo 75% by'amazi yatewe no kurwanya amazi; Amazi arwanya ibisabwa byumye: Kurwanya ubushyuhe bwigihe kirekire 90 ° C, ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwakazi bwa 160 ° C, Kurwanya ubushyuhe ako kanya bwa 230 ° C (cyane cyane kubanditseho amashanyarazi); Kwinjira mumazi nyuma yo gushinga ibisabwa na Gel Ikirango cya Gel: Nyuma yizuba ryinshi (20 ° C ~ 95 ° C) Guhagarara kuri Gel na Gel Imbaraga nyinshi nyuma yizuba ryinshi (20 ° C kugeza 95 ° C). Umutekano wa gel uratandukanye cyane bitewe nuburyo bwa synthesis nibikoresho byakoreshejwe nuwabikoze. Muri icyo gihe, ntabwo ari igipimo cyo kwagura, ibyiza, ibicuruzwa bimwe byo gukurikirana umuvuduko, gukoresha inyongeramusaruro ntabwo bifasha gutura hydrogel, no kutagera ku ngaruka zo kurwanya amazi.
3. 3 ibiranga kaseti y'amazi nkumugozi mugukora, kwipimisha, kubika no gukoresha inzira kugirango ukoreshe umugozi wibidukikije, bityo ukoreshe inzira yo gukoresha umugozi wa Optique, Utubasiwe namazi ya kati:
1) Gukwirakwiza fiber
2) imyenda imwe, isubirwamo, ihamye, ihamye, mugushiraho umugozi ntibizasuzugurwa no gutanga umusaruro
3) Igitutu cyo kwaguka, umuvuduko wihuse, gel nziza;
4) umutekano mwiza wubushyuhe, ubereye kubitunganya ibitandukanye;
5) Umutekano mwinshi, ntabwo urimo ibice byangirika, birwanya bagiteri na isuri ya mole;
6) Guhuza neza nibindi bikoresho bya kabili optique, kurwanya okiside, nibindi
4 Inzitizi ya Optique Amazi Ibipimo ngenderwaho
Umubare munini wibisubizo byubushakashatsi byerekana ko kurwanya amazi atujuje ibyangombwa byumutekano wigihe kirekire cyimikorere ya plable itesha agaciro bizatanga ibyago byinshi. Iki kibazo, muburyo bwo gukora no kugenzura uruganda umugozi wa fibre optique biragoye kubibona, ariko bizagenda bigaragara mugihe cyo gushiraho umugozi nyuma yo gukoresha. Kubwibyo, iterambere ryamahirwe y'ibipimo byuzuye kandi byukuri, kugirango ubone ishingiro ryo gusuzuma impande zose birashobora kubyemera, byabaye umurimo wihutirwa. Ubushakashatsi buhebuje bw'umwanditsi, Ubushakashatsi n'ubushakashatsi ku mukandara uhagarika amazi watanze tekiniki zihagije zo guteza imbere amahame ya tekiniki yo guhagarika amazi. Menya ibipimo byimikorere byabangamizi byamazi bishingiye kuri ibi bikurikira:
1) ibisabwa byimyenda ya optique kumazi (cyane cyane ibisabwa mubikoresho bya optique mubipimo bya optique);
2) Uburambe mu gukora no gukoresha inzitizi z'amazi hamwe na raporo zigerageza;
3) Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi kubikorwa byimiterere ya kaseti yamazi ku mikorere yimigozi ya fibre optique.
4. 1 Kugaragara
Kugaragara kwa kaseri za kaseti y'amazi bigomba kugabanywa burundu fibre; Ubuso bugomba kuba buringaniye kandi butarekuwe kubikorwa, ibimera n'amarira; Ntabwo hagomba kubaho ibice mubugari bwa kaseti; Ibikoresho bihwanye bigomba kuba bidasubirwaho; Kaseti igomba gukomeretsa cyane hamwe nimpande za kaseti ifata intoki igomba kuba idafite "fotfet ya straw".
4.2 Imbaraga zubukanishi za materi
Imbaraga za tensile za materi ziterwa nuburyo bwo gukora kaseti ya polyester idahwitse, muburyo bumwe burenze uburyo bwo gukora ibicuruzwa bishyushye, ubunini nabwo burondera. Imbaraga za Tensile za karugero y'amazi ziratandukanye ukurikije uko umugozi upfunyitse cyangwa uzengurutse umugozi.
Iki nikimenyetso cyingenzi kuri bibiri byumufuka uhagarika amazi, aho uburyo bwo kwipimisha bugomba guhuzwa nigikoresho, amazi nubushakashatsi. Ibikoresho nyamukuru byamazi muri kaseti y'amazi ni sodium yambukiranya igice nigice cyacyo cyo guhuza amazi yo kubyimba amazi, kuko nta bigize amazi meza akoreshwa mubukemurampano. ahanini amazi meza. Kugwiza kugwiza amazi resin mumico itandukanye y'amazi bitandukanye cyane, niba kwinjiza mumazi meza ni 100% agaciro karenze 100%; Kunda amazi ni 40% kugeza 60% (bitewe nubwiza bwamazi bwa buri mwanya); mu mazi yo mu nyanja ni 12%; Amazi yo munsi cyangwa amazi ya rutter aragoye, biragoye kumenya ijanisha ryinjira, kandi agaciro kayo kazaba kari hasi cyane. Kugirango umenye ingaruka zabanzi zumugozi nubuzima bwumugozi, nibyiza gukoresha kaseti y'amazi hamwe nuburebure bubyimbye bwa> 10mm.
4.3ibintu
Muri rusange, umugozi wa optique ntabwo urimo kohereza ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi yicyuma, ntukagire uruhare muri kaseti y'amazi yo kurwanya kaseti, gusa wang 1 wang Qiant cape
Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi mbere yuko habaho ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi, ibisabwa byihariye ukurikije imiterere y'umugozi wa kabili n'amasezerano.
4.4 Gutuza ikirere bitandukanye cyane na kaseti ihagarika amazi irashobora kubahiriza ibisabwa byimiterere ya 90 ° C, ubushyuhe bwakazi bwa 160 ° 80 ° Imikorere ya kaseti y'amazi ntigomba guhinduka nyuma yigihe cyagenwe kuriyi bushyuhe.
Imbaraga za gel zigomba kuba ikintu cyingenzi kiranga intwaro, mugihe igipimo cyo kwagura gikoreshwa gusa kugirango hagabanuke gusa uburebure bwamazi yinjira mumazi (munsi ya 1). Ibikoresho byiza bya kwaguka bigomba kugira igipimo cyiza cyo kwagura no gukomera. Ibikoresho bibi by'amazi, ndetse no ku gipimo kinini cya kwaguka kandi kito, kizagira imitungo mibi y'amazi. Ibi birashobora kugeragezwa ugereranije numubare wimiti. Munsi ya hydrolytic, gel izasenyuka mumazi yo hasi azana ibyago. Ibi bigerwaho no kubyutsa amazi meza arimo ifu yuzuye ifu ya 2 h. Inyenzi zavuyemo noneho zitandukanijwe namazi arenze kandi zishyirwa mu ruzinduko ruzunguruka kugirango upime vicosity mbere na nyuma ya 24 H kuri 95 ° c. Itandukaniro muri Gel Hard rishobora kugaragara. Ibi mubisanzwe bikorwa mubyiza bya 8h kuva 20 ya 20 ° C kugeza 95 ° C na 8h kuva 95 ° C kugeza kuri 20 ° C. Ibipimo by'Abadage bireba bisaba inzinguzingo 126 ya 8h.
4. 5 Guhuza guhuza inzitizi y'amazi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kiranga cyane ku bijyanye n'ubuzima bwa fibre optique kandi bigomba gusuzumwa bijyanye na fibre ya fibre ya optique abigizemo uruhare kugeza ubu. Mugihe guhuza bifata igihe kirekire kugirango ugaragare, ikizamini cyo kwihuta kigomba gukoreshwa, ni ukuvuga ibikoresho bya kabili byahanaguweho kaseti y'amazi yumye kuri 100 ° C muminsi 10, nyuma yiminsi 10, nyuma yumwanya upimye. Imbaraga za tensile no kurambura ibikoresho ntibigomba guhinduka inshuro zirenga 20% nyuma yikizamini.
Igihe cya nyuma: Jul-22-2022