Polyethylene Synthesis Uburyo nuburyo butandukanye
(1) Umuvuduko muke wa Polyethylene (LDPE)
Iyo urugero rwa ogisijeni cyangwa peroxide yongewemo nk'intangiriro ya Ethylene yuzuye, igabanijwe kugeza kuri 202,6 kPa, hanyuma igashyuha kugeza kuri 200 ° C, Ethylene polymerize ihinduka polyethylene yera, ibishashara. Ubu buryo bukunze kwitwa inzira yumuvuduko mwinshi bitewe nuburyo imikorere ikora. Polyethylene yavuyemo ifite ubucucike bwa 0,915–0.930 g / cm³ n'uburemere bwa molekile buri hagati ya 15.000 na 40.000. Imiterere ya molekulire yayo ifite amashami menshi kandi irekuye, isa n '“igiti kimeze nkigiti”, kibara ubwinshi bwacyo, bityo izina rya polyethylene rike.
(2) Ubucucike buciriritse Polyethylene (MDPE)
Umuvuduko ukabije urimo polymerizing etylene munsi yikirere 30-100 ukoresheje catisale ya oxyde. Polyethylene yavuyemo ifite ubucucike bwa 0.931–0.940 g / cm³. MDPE irashobora kandi kubyara muguhuza polyethylene yuzuye (HDPE) na LDPE cyangwa binyuze muri copolymerisation ya Ethylene hamwe na comonomers nka butene, acinyate vinyl, cyangwa acrylates.
(3) Umuvuduko mwinshi wa Polyethylene (HDPE)
Mugihe cy'ubushyuhe busanzwe hamwe nigitutu cyumuvuduko, Ethylene iba polymerisme ikoresheje catalizator ikora neza cyane (ibice bya organometallic bigizwe na alkylaluminum na titanium tetrachloride). Bitewe nigikorwa kinini cya catalitiki, reaction ya polymerisation irashobora kurangizwa vuba kumuvuduko muke (0-10 atm) hamwe nubushyuhe buke (60-75 ° C), niyo mpamvu izina ryumuvuduko muke. Polyethylene yavuyemo ifite imiterere idahwitse, igizwe na molekuline yumurongo, igira uruhare mubwinshi bwayo (0.941–0.965 g / cm³). Ugereranije na LDPE, HDPE yerekana ubushyuhe burenze urugero, imiterere yubukanishi, hamwe n’ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije.
Ibyiza bya Polyethylene
Polyethylene ni amata-yera, ameze nk'ibishashara, igice cya kabiri kibonerana, kikaba ari igikoresho cyiza kandi cyogosha insinga n'insinga. Ibyiza byingenzi birimo:
(1) Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bihebuje: birwanya ubukana bwinshi n'imbaraga za dielectric; uruhushya ruto (ε) hamwe na dielectric igihombo tangent (tanδ) murwego rwagutse rwinshi, hamwe na frequency nkeya biterwa, bigatuma hafi ya dielectric nziza kubikoresho byitumanaho.
(2) Ibikoresho byiza byubukanishi: byoroshye ariko birakomeye, hamwe no kurwanya ihinduka ryiza.
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(4) Kurwanya amazi meza hamwe no kwinjiza amazi make; Kurwanya insulation muri rusange ntibigabanuka iyo wibijwe mumazi.
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(8) Intsinga zakozwe na polyethylene ziremereye, byoroshye gushiraho, kandi byoroshye kurangiza. Nyamara, polyethylene nayo ifite ibibi byinshi: ubushyuhe buke bworoshye; gucana, gusohora umunuko umeze nka paraffine iyo utwitse; ibidukikije bidahwitse-birwanya kurwanya no kunyerera. Birakenewe kwitabwaho cyane mugihe ukoresheje polyethylene nka insulasiya cyangwa gukata insinga zo mu mazi cyangwa insinga zashyizwe mumatongo ahagaritse.
Polyethylene Plastike ya insinga ninsinga
(1) Rusange-Intego yo Kwirinda Polyethylene Plastike
Igizwe gusa na polyethylene resin na antioxydants.
(2) Ikirere-kirwanya Polyethylene Plastike
Ahanini igizwe na resin ya polyethylene, antioxydants, na karubone yumukara. Kurwanya ikirere biterwa nubunini buke, ibirimo, hamwe no gukwirakwiza karubone umukara.
(3) Ibidukikije Stress-Crack Resistant Polyethylene Plastike
Koresha polyethylene hamwe nigipimo cyerekana umuvuduko uri munsi ya 0.3 hamwe no kugabanya uburemere bwa molekile. Polyethylene irashobora kandi guhuzwa hakoreshejwe imirasire cyangwa uburyo bwa shimi.
(4) Amashanyarazi menshi ya poliethylene
Gukwirakwiza insinga nini cyane bisaba plastike ya polyethylene ya ultra-yera, ikongerwaho na stabilisateur ya voltage hamwe na extruders kabuhariwe kugirango hirindwe ko habaho ubusa, guhagarika imyanda, no kunoza imyuka ya arc, kurwanya isuri y’amashanyarazi, no kurwanya corona.
(5) Plastike ya Semiconductive
Yakozwe mukongeramo karubone yumukara kuri polyethylene, mubisanzwe ukoresheje ibice-byiza, byubatswe hejuru ya karubone.
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Uru ruganda rukoresha resin ya polyethylene nkibikoresho fatizo, bikubiyemo ibintu byinshi byangiza umuriro wa halogene utagira umuriro, ibyuma byangiza umwotsi, stabilisateur yumuriro, imiti igabanya ubukana, hamwe namabara, bitunganijwe binyuze mu kuvanga, plastike, na pelletisation.
Polyethylene ihujwe (XLPE)
Mubikorwa byimirasire yingufu nyinshi cyangwa guhuza ibintu, imiterere ya molekulari yumurongo wa polyethylene ihinduka muburyo butatu (umuyoboro), bigahindura ibikoresho bya termoplastique muri thermoset. Iyo ikoreshwa nka insulation,XLPEIrashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bukomeza bugera kuri 90 ° C hamwe nubushyuhe buke bwumuriro wa 170-250 ° C. Uburyo bwo guhuza burimo guhuza umubiri na chimique. Irradiation crosslinking nuburyo bwumubiri, mugihe imiti ikunze gukoreshwa ni DCP (dicumyl peroxide).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-10-2025