1. Insinga z'icyuma
Kugira ngo insinga ishobore kwihanganira ubukana buhagije bw'umurambararo mu gihe cyo kuyishyiraho no kuyishyiraho, insinga igomba kuba irimo ibintu bishobora kwihanganira umutwaro, icyuma, kitari icyuma, mu gukoresha insinga z'icyuma zikomeye nk'igice gikomeza, kugira ngo insinga ibe ifite ubukana bwiza bwo guhangana n'umuvuduko wo ku ruhande, ubukana bwo guhangana n'ingaruka, insinga z'icyuma nazo zikoreshwa ku nsinga iri hagati y'icyuma cy'imbere n'icyuma cy'inyuma cyo gukingira. Dukurikije ingano ya karuboni ikoreshwa mu nsinga z'icyuma za karuboni nyinshi n'icyuma cya karuboni nke.
(1) Insinga z'icyuma cya karuboni nyinshi
Insinga z'icyuma zikozwe muri karuboni nyinshi zigomba kuzuza ibisabwa mu buhanga bya GB699 by'icyuma cyiza cya karuboni, ingano ya sulfur na fosifore ni hafi 0.03%, hakurikijwe uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya ubuso bushobora kugabanywamo insinga z'icyuma zikozwe muri galvanized na fosifore. Insinga z'icyuma zikozwe muri galvanized zisaba ko urwego rwa zinc rungana, rworoshye, rufatanye neza, ubuso bw'insinga z'icyuma bugomba kuba busukuye, nta mavuta, nta mazi, nta bizinga; Urusobe rw'insinga zikozwe muri fosifore rugomba kuba rumwe kandi rukeye, kandi ubuso bw'insinga bugomba kuba budafite amavuta, amazi, ibizinga by'ingese n'ibisebe. Kubera ko ingano ya hydrogen ihinduka ari nto, ikoreshwa ry'insinga zikozwe muri fosifore rikunze kugaragara cyane muri iki gihe.
(2) Insinga y'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gishyushye cyane
Insinga z'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gito zikoreshwa muri rusange ku nsinga zirinda kwangirika, hejuru y'insinga z'icyuma hagomba gushyirwaho urwego rumwe kandi ruhoraho rwa zinc, urwego rwa zinc ntirugomba kugira imyenge, ibimenyetso, nyuma yo gupima, ntihagomba kubaho intoki zambaye ubusa zishobora gusiba imyenge, gushonga no kugwa.
2. Umugozi w'icyuma
Uko insinga igenda ikura ikagera ku mubare munini w'ibanze, uburemere bw'insinga buriyongera, kandi imbaraga zigomba gukomezwa nazo ziyongera. Kugira ngo hongerwe ubushobozi bw'insinga y'urumuri kugira ngo ishobore kwihanganira umutwaro no kurwanya umuvuduko w'uruziga ushobora kuvuka mu gushyiraho no gukoresha insinga y'urumuri, insinga y'icyuma nk'igice gikomeza insinga y'urumuri ni yo ikwiriye cyane, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo koroha. Insinga y'icyuma ikozwe mu nsinga nyinshi z'icyuma zizunguruka, hakurikijwe imiterere y'igice muri rusange ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu bwa 1 × 3,1 × 7,1 × 19. Insinga zikomeza zikoresha insinga z'icyuma za 1 × 7, insinga z'icyuma zikurikije imbaraga zo gukurura zigabanyijwemo: 175, 1270, 1370, 1470 na 1570MPa, modulus y'insinga y'icyuma igomba kuba irenga 180GPa. Icyuma gikoreshwa mu gufunga umugozi w'icyuma kigomba kuba cyujuje ibisabwa na GB699 “Ibisabwa mu buhanga ku miterere y'icyuma cya karuboni cyiza”, kandi ubuso bw'insinga ya galvanised ikoreshwa mu gufunga umugozi w'icyuma bugomba gushyirwaho urwego rumwe kandi ruhoraho rwa zinc, kandi ntihagomba kubaho utudomo, imyanya n'ahantu hatariho zinc. Ingano y'umurambararo n'intera y'insinga ya string ni bimwe, kandi ntibigomba kuba birekuye nyuma yo gukata, kandi insinga y'icyuma ya string igomba guhuzwa neza, nta gucikamo ibice, kuvunika no gupfunyika.
3.FRP
FRP ni incamake y'inyuguti ya mbere ya pulasitiki y'Icyongereza ikoreshwa mu gukurura fibre, ikaba ari ibikoresho bitari iby'icyuma bifite ubuso bworoshye n'umurambararo umwe wo hanze uboneka binyuze mu gusiga hejuru y'imigozi myinshi y'ibirahure fibre resin ivura urumuri, kandi igira uruhare mu gushimangira insinga z'urumuri. Kubera ko FRP atari ibikoresho by'icyuma, ifite ibyiza bikurikira ugereranije no gushimangira icyuma: (1) Ibikoresho bitari iby'icyuma ntibishobora kwangizwa n'amashanyarazi, kandi insinga z'urumuri zikwiriye ahantu hahurira inkuba; (2) FRP ntabwo ikora reaction ya electrochemical hamwe n'ubushuhe, ntabwo ikora imyuka yangiza n'ibindi bintu, kandi ikwiriye ahantu habera ikirere cy'imvura, ubushyuhe n'ubukonje; (3) ntabwo ikora induction current, ishobora gushyirwa ku murongo wa voltage nyinshi; (4) FRP ifite imiterere y'uburemere bworoheje, ishobora kugabanya uburemere bw'insinga cyane. Ubuso bwa FRP bugomba kuba bworoshye, ubutari buzengurutse bugomba kuba buto, umurambararo ugomba kuba umwe, kandi nta gice kigomba kuba kiri mu burebure busanzwe bwa disiki.
4. Aramid
Aramid (polyp-benzoyl amide fiber) ni ubwoko bwa fibre yihariye ifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi ifite modulus nyinshi. Ikozwe muri aside p-aminobenzoic nka monomer, iyo hari catalyst, muri sisitemu ya NMP-LiCl, hakoreshejwe polymerization ya solution condensation, hanyuma hakoreshejwe amazi azunguruka no gukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi. Kuri ubu, ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa ahanini ni icyitegererezo cy'ibicuruzwa KEVLAR49 cyakozwe na DuPont muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'icyitegererezo cy'ibicuruzwa Twaron cyakozwe na Akzonobel mu Buholandi. Kubera ko irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, ikoreshwa mu gukora insinga z'amashanyarazi zikoresha uburyo bwose bwo gushimangira (ADSS).
5. Ubudodo bw'ikirahure
Ubudodo bwa fibre y'ikirahure ni ibikoresho bitari icyuma bikunze gukoreshwa mu kongera imbaraga mu nsinga z'amashanyarazi, bikozwe mu migozi myinshi ya fibre y'ikirahure. Bufite ubushobozi bwo gukingira no kurwanya ingese, ndetse bukagira imbaraga nyinshi zo gukurura no kudakora neza, bigatuma buba bwiza cyane mu kongera imbaraga mu nsinga z'amashanyarazi. Ugereranyije n'ibikoresho by'icyuma, ubudodo bwa fibre y'ikirahure ni bworoshye kandi ntibutanga ingufu zikomoka ku muyaga, bityo bukwiriye cyane cyane imiyoboro ifite ingufu nyinshi n'insinga z'amashanyarazi mu bidukikije bitose. Byongeye kandi, ubudodo bwa fibre y'ikirahure bugaragaza ubushobozi bwo kwangirika no kudahinduka kw'ikirere mu ikoreshwa, bigatuma insinga zigumana umutekano igihe kirekire mu bidukikije bitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-26-2024