Mu gushaka insinga n'imigozi myiza, guhitamo ibikoresho byo gupfuka ni ingenzi cyane. Agakoresho ko hanze gafite imirimo itandukanye kugira ngo insinga cyangwa imigozi birambe, bigire umutekano kandi bikore neza. Ni ibisanzwe ko umuntu agomba guhitamo hagati ya polyurethane (PUR) napolyvinyl chloride (PVC)Muri iyi nkuru, uziga itandukaniro ry'imikorere hagati y'ibikoresho byombi n'uburyo buri bikoresho bikoreshwa neza.
Imiterere n'imikorere y'insinga n'insinga
Agashishwa (kandi kitwa agashishwa ko hanze cyangwa agashishwa) ni urwego rw'inyuma rw'insinga cyangwa insinga kandi gakoreshwa hakoreshejwe bumwe mu buryo butandukanye bwo gusohora. Agashishwa karinda abayobora insinga n'ibindi bice by'imiterere y'insinga ibintu byo hanze nk'ubushyuhe, ubukonje, amazi cyangwa imiti n'imikorere ya mekanike. Gashobora kandi gukosora imiterere n'imiterere y'umuyobora washyizwe mu kaga, ndetse n'urwego rwo kurinda (niba ruhari), bityo bigabanye ingaruka ku buryo insinga ihuza neza n'amashanyarazi (EMC). Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo ingufu, ikimenyetso, cyangwa amakuru bikomeze koherezwa mu nsinga cyangwa insinga. Gushyira insinga bigira uruhare runini mu kuramba kw'insinga n'insinga.
Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gupfuka neza ni ingenzi cyane mu kumenya insinga nziza kuri buri gikorwa. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kumenya neza intego insinga cyangwa insinga zigomba gukora n'ibisabwa bigomba kuba byujuje.
Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa cyane byo gupfuka
Polyurethane (PUR) na polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ni byo bikoresho bibiri bikunze gukoreshwa cyane mu gupfuka insinga n'insinga. Mu buryo bugaragara, nta tandukaniro riri hagati y'ibi bikoresho, ariko bigaragaza imiterere itandukanye ituma bikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Byongeye kandi, hari ibindi bikoresho byinshi bishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo gupfuka, harimo rubber yo mu bucuruzi, elastomer ya thermoplastic (TPE), n'ibinyabutabire byihariye bya pulasitiki. Ariko, kubera ko bidakunze kugaragara cyane nka PUR na PVC, tuzagereranya ibi byombi mu gihe kizaza.
PUR - Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane
Polyurethane (cyangwa PUR) yerekeza ku itsinda rya pulasitiki ryakozwe mu mpera za 1930. Rikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa shimi bwitwa addition polymerization. Ibikoresho fatizo akenshi ni peteroli, ariko ibikoresho by'ibimera nk'ibirayi, ibigori cyangwa beterave nabyo bishobora gukoreshwa mu kuyikora. Polyurethane ni elastomer ya thermoplastic. Ibi bivuze ko zihinduka iyo zishyushye, ariko zishobora gusubira mu ishusho yazo ya mbere iyo zishyushye.
Polyurethane ifite imiterere myiza cyane ya mekanike. Iyi mashini ifite ubushobozi bwo kudashira neza, kudaca no kudacika, kandi ikomeza koroha cyane ndetse no mu bushyuhe buke. Ibi bituma PUR ikwiriye cyane gukoreshwa mu buryo busaba ko habaho kugenda no gupfunyika, nko gukurura iminyururu. Mu bikorwa bya roboti, insinga zifite PUR sheathing zishobora kwihanganira amamiliyoni y'ingendo zipfunyika cyangwa imbaraga zikomeye zo guhindukira nta kibazo. PUR kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'amavuta, imiti ishongesha n'imirasire ya ultraviolet. Byongeye kandi, bitewe n'imiterere y'ibikoresho, nta halogen ifite kandi ntirinda umuriro, ari byo bintu by'ingenzi ku nsinga zemejwe na UL kandi zikoreshwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Insinga za PUR zikunze gukoreshwa mu bwubatsi bw'imashini n'uruganda, mu nganda zikora ikoranabuhanga, no mu nganda zikora imodoka.
PVC - ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ni pulasitiki yakoreshejwe mu gukora ibintu bitandukanye kuva mu myaka ya 1920. Ni umusaruro wa polymerization ya vinyl chloride ikoresha gaze chain. Bitandukanye na elastomer PUR, PVC ni polymer ya thermoplastic. Iyo ibikoresho byangiritse mu gihe cyo gushyushya, ntibishobora gusubira uko byari bimeze mbere.
Nk'igikoresho cyo gupfuka, polyvinyl chloride itanga uburyo butandukanye kuko ishobora kwihuza n'ibikenewe bitandukanye binyuze mu guhindura imiterere yayo. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutwara ibintu ntabwo buri hejuru nka PUR, ariko PVC nayo ihendutse cyane; Igiciro mpuzandengo cya polyurethane kiri hejuru inshuro enye. Byongeye kandi, PVC nta mpumuro kandi ntirwanya amazi, aside n'ibikoresho byo gusukura. Niyo mpamvu ikunze gukoreshwa mu nganda z'ibiribwa cyangwa ahantu hakonje. Ariko, PVC ntabwo idafite halogen, ari nayo mpamvu ifatwa nk'aho idakwiye gukoreshwa mu nzu runaka. Byongeye kandi, ntabwo irwanya amavuta, ariko iyi miterere ishobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe imiti yihariye.
Umwanzuro
Polyurethane na polyvinyl chloride byombi bifite ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo nk'ibikoresho byo gupfuka insinga n'insinga. Nta gisubizo gihamye cy'ibikoresho byiza kuri buri gikorwa; Biterwa cyane n'ibyo umuntu akeneye ku giti cye. Hari igihe, ibikoresho bitandukanye rwose byo gupfuka bishobora kuba igisubizo cyiza kurushaho. Kubwibyo, turashishikariza abakoresha gushaka inama ku nzobere bazi neza imiterere myiza n'ibibi by'ibikoresho bitandukanye kandi bashobora gupimana.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-20-2024