Muri sisitemu yimbaraga za none, insinga-volunga ndende ifite uruhare runini. Kuva mu mpinga y'ubutaka bwo mu misozi mu mijyi kugeza ku mirongo ndende yo gukwirakwiza hejuru y'imisozi n'inzuzi, insinga-volunga ndende zizakora neza, zihamye kandi zifite umutekano mu ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Iyi ngingo izashakisha ubujyakuzimu ni tekinoroji itandukanye ijyanye n'insinga za volutge ndende, harimo n'imiterere yabo, gushyira mu bikorwa, imiterere y'inganda, ibiranga imikorere, kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga.
1.Bic Imiterere yimigozi-voltage
Insinga za volunga ndende zigizwe ahanini n'abayobozi, inzererezi, zikingira ibice no kurinda ibice.
Umuyobozi ni umuyoboro wohereza kuriho kandi mubisanzwe bikozwe mu muringa cyangwa alumini. Umuringa ufite imyitwarire myiza no kwibinda, mugihe aluminiyumu ari hasi cyane mubiciro noroheje muburemere. Muri rusange abayobora muri rusange muburyo bwinsinga nyinshi zigoramye kugirango zongere guhinduka.
Ikibanza cy'abasuhuza nigice cyingenzi cyumugozi munini wa volutge, kigira uruhare mu gukumira imirongo no kwigunga umuyobozi uturutse hanze yisi. Ibikoresho bisanzwe birimo gusiba polyethylene (Xlpe), impapuro zamavuta, nibindi Xlpe ifite imitungo myiza y'amashanyarazi, ibanga ryubushyuhe nimbaraga nyinshi mumivubibu ya none.
Igice cyo gukingira kigabanijwemo imbere n'icyingizo cyo hanze. Inkinzo y'imbere ikoreshwa mu gukora imyenda y'amashanyarazi no gukumira isohoka ryaho kwangiza urwego rw'abasuhuza; Inkinzo yo hanze irashobora kugabanya kwivanga hanze ya electromagnetic murwego rwamateka, kandi bakubuza umugozi ufite ingaruka za electomagnetic ku isi.
Igice cyo kurinda ahanini kirengera umugozi wangiritse nimpamvu zo hanze nkibintu byangiritse, imiti hamwe namazi. Mubisanzwe bigizwe nintwaro yicyuma na sheath yo hanze. Intwaro y'icyuma irashobora gutanga imbaraga zubu minishi, kandi imirongo yo hanze ifite imirimo itagira amazi kandi irwanya ruswa.
2. Gutondekanya insinga-voltage
Ukurikije urwego rwa voltage, insinga-voltage ndende irashobora kugabanywamo insinga ziciriritse (muri rusange 3-35kv), insinga-volutge-voltage-ndende-voltage-voltage-voltage-ndende (hejuru ya 500kv). Inzoba yinzego zinyuranye zitandukanye zitandukanye mubishushanyo mbonera, ibisabwa kugirango bisabwa, nibindi.
Dukurikije ibikoresho byo kwikuramo, usibye insinga za Xlpe hamwe namavuta yimpapuro zavuzwe haruguru, hari na Eyyylene insinga. Inkota y'amavuta ifite amateka maremare, ariko kubera ibiciro byabo byo kubungabunga hibutura nizindi mpamvu, bagiye bisimburwa buhoro buhoro na Xlpe insinga. Ethylene propaylene reberi ya rubber ifite ibintu byiza byoroshye no kurwanya ikirere, kandi birakwiriye ibihe bidasanzwe.
3. Gukora inzira yo gukora-voltage ya voltage
Inganda ya voltage ya voltage ndende nigikorwa kitoroshye kandi cyoroshye.
Inganda zitwara abatwara mbere zisaba umuringa cyangwa ibikoresho quw fatizo kugirango birambure, bitunganije nibindi bikorwa kugirango hakemurwe neza hamwe nubutaka bwumuyobozi. Mugihe cyo kugoreka, imirongo yumurongo igomba gutondekwa cyane kugirango inoze imikorere yuwuyobora.
Kurwana kw'ibipimo by'isuku nimwe mu ntambwe z'ingenzi. Kuri Xlpe intangarugero, ibikoresho bya Xlpe birasigijwe nubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bikingiraga kuyobora. Mugihe cyo gutunganya, ibipimo nkubushyuhe, umuvuduko wimitutu nurwego rugerambika bigomba kugenzurwa neza kugirango ireme kandi ryuzuye bumwe bwo kwigana.
Igice cyo gukingira gikunze gukorwa nibyuma byumugozi cyangwa icyuma gipfunyika. Ibikorwa byo gukora byingabo ninyuma biratandukanye gato, ariko byombi bigomba kwemeza ubusugire bwikirenga hamwe namashanyarazi meza.
Hanyuma, umusaruro wurwego rukingira urimo kurambika ibirwanisho cyuma no gukandagira hanze. Intwaro y'icyuma igomba guhuza cyane na kabili, kandi ubushyuhe bwo hanze bugomba kubona neza ko bigaragara ko ari ibishya nkibibbero nibice.
4. Ibiranga imikorere yimigozi-voltage
Ku bijyanye n'imikorere y'amashanyarazi, inkwi-volutge-volunga zigomba kugira ibihangange byinshi byo kurwanya ibihugu byinshi, gutakaza uburwayi buke hamwe no kurwanya voltage. Kurwanya inkemu nyinshi birashobora gukumira kumvikana neza, igihombo gito kigabanya gutakaza ingufu z'amashanyarazi mugihe cyo kwanduza, kandi irwanya ibintu byiza voltage zemeza neza ko umugozi wikibindi.
Ukurikije imitungo ya mashini, umugozi ugomba kugira imbaraga zihagije, zunamye radiyo ningaruka. Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho no gukora, umugozi urashobora gufatwa kurambura, kunama no guhana imbaraga zo hanze. Niba imitungo ya mashini idahagije, biroroshye gutera umugozi.
Imikorere yubushyuhe nayo ni ikintu cyingenzi. Umugozi uzabyara ubushyuhe mugihe cyo gukora, cyane cyane iyo ugenda munsi yumutwaro muremure. Kubwibyo, umugozi ukeneye kubarwanya ubushyuhe kandi ushobore gukora mubisanzwe mubushyuhe runaka nta kibazo nko gusaza. Xlpe cable ifite ubushyuhe bwiza kandi irashobora gukora igihe kirekire kubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
5. Kwishyiriraho no gufata neza insinga-volutge
Kubijyanye no kwishyiriraho, ikintu cya mbere cyo gukora ni ugutegura inzira kugirango urebe ko umugozi uhinga inzira ushyira mu gaciro kandi ufite umutekano. Mugihe cyo gushyiramo icyemezo, hagomba kwitabwaho kugirango wirinde kurambura cyane, kunama no kunyerera kwa kabili. Kugirango umugozi muremure urambirwe, ibikoresho nka convousre mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mugufasha kubaka.
Umusaruro wintoki nihuza ryingenzi mubikorwa byo kwishyiriraho. Ubwiza bwihuriro bugira ingaruka kubitekerezo byibasiwe na kabili. Mugihe ufata ingingo, umugozi ugomba kwamburwa, gusukurwa, guhuzwa no kwigarurira. Buri ntambwe igomba gukorwa neza ukurikije gahunda isaba kugirango urebe ko amashanyarazi na mashini yingingo yujuje ibisabwa.
Imirimo yo kubungabunga ningirakamaro mugihe kirekire gihamye cyinsinga za voltage. Ubugenzuzi buri gihe burashobora kumenya niba isura ya kabili yangiritse cyangwa ururenda rwangiritse. Mugihe kimwe, ibikoresho bimwe bigerageza birashobora no gukoreshwa mugupima imikorere yo kwishyuza no gusohora igice. Niba ibibazo bibonetse, bigomba gusanwa cyangwa gusimburwa mugihe.
6. Kunanirwa no kumenya inkwi-volutge
Kunanirwa bisanzwe mu migozi ya volutge ndende harimo gusenya, umuyobozi w'akayiyobora, no gutsindwa guhuriza hamwe. Gukandagura ibihugu birashobora guterwa no gutera inkunga, gusohora igice, cyangwa hanze yinyongera. Guhagarika ibyuma mubisanzwe biterwa nimbaraga zo hanze cyangwa kurenza urugero. Kunanirwa guhuriza hamwe birashobora guterwa nuburyo bubi hamwe cyangwa gushyushya cyane mugihe cyo gukora.
Kugirango tumenye ayo makosa, hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kumenya. Kumenya igice ni uburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa. Mugutangiza ibimenyetso byatanzwe nigice cyijimye muri kabili, birashobora kugenwa niba hari intangarure zishinzwe kugenzura muri kabili. Ikizamini cya voltage kirashobora kumenya ubushobozi bwuruguzi bwumugozi ugasanga ibishobora kwikinisha. Byongeye kandi, ubuhanga bwamashusho yubushyuhe burashobora kumenya ubushyuhe hejuru ya kabili, kugirango tumenye niba umugozi ufite ibibazo bikabije.
7.Gusaba no guteza imbere inkweto za voltage ndende muri sisitemu yubutegetsi
Muri sisitemu yubutegetsi, insinga-voltage ndende ikoreshwa cyane mu mbaraga zo mumijyi grid, imirongo isohoka ya sitasiyo nini, ikwirakwizwa rya submarine nizindi nzego. Mu mijyi imbizi, kubera umwanya muto, gukoresha insinga zo mu kuzimu birashobora kuzigama umwanya no kuzamura ubwiza bwumujyi. Imirongo isohoka ya sitasiyo nini isaba gukoresha insinga-voltage yo hejuru kugirango ihereze amashanyarazi mu bitare kure. Ikwirakwizwa rya Submarine rirashobora kwanduza amashanyarazi yambukiranya kandi ritanga amashanyarazi ahamye ku birwa no ku nkombe zo ku nkombe.
Hamwe no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ryingufu, insinga-volunga ndende nayo yerekanye inzira zimwe ziterambere. Imwe ni ubushakashatsi niterambere no gushyira mubikorwa insinga zifite intorege zisumbuye. Hamwe no kwiyongera gusaba kwanduza amashanyarazi maremare, iterambere ryinsinga za ultra-ndende zizahinduka intego. Iya kabiri nubutasi bwinsinga. Muguhuza sensor nibindi bikoresho muri kabili, gukurikirana igihe nyacyo kumiterere ya kabible yimigozi namakosa birashobora kugerwaho, bityo bigatuma kwizerwa kwizerwa kwa kabili. Iya gatatu niterambere ryinsinga zangiza ibidukikije. Nkuko abantu basabwa kwiyongera ibidukikije byiyongera, ubushakashatsi niterambere ryumwanda hasi, ibikoresho bya recycngurutswe bizaba icyerekezo cyiterambere kizaza.
Igihe cya nyuma: Sep-24-2024