Imiterere y'ibanze y'insinga n'insinga irimo kondakteri, ubushyuhe, uburinzi, icyuma n'ibindi bice.
1. Umuyobozi w'ikigo
Imikorere: Konduktora ni igice cy'insinga n'insinga byohereza ingufu z'amashanyarazi (magnetique), amakuru kandi bigatanga imikorere yihariye yo guhindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi.
Ibikoresho: Hari ahanini imashini zidafite irangi, nka umuringa, aluminiyumu, umuringa, aloyi ya aluminiyumu; imashini zikozwe mu byuma, nka umuringa wo mu gikoni, umuringa wo mu ifeza, umuringa wo mu buye bwa nikeli; imashini zikozwe mu byuma, nka icyuma cyo mu buye, umuringa wo mu buye, icyuma cyo mu buye, nibindi.
2. Gukingira ubushyuhe
Imikorere: Urusobe rw'amashanyarazi ruzungurutswa n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi cyangwa urwego rw'inyongera rw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi (nk'ikaseti ya mica idashobora guhagarara), kandi inshingano yarwo ni ugutandukanya umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi kugira ngo adatwara ingufu zijyanye nabyo no gukumira ko umuriro usohoka.
Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu gukingira ibintu biva hanze ni polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene ifatanye (XLPE), polyolefin itagira umwotsi mwinshi (LSZH/HFFR), fluoroplastics, thermoplastic elasticity (TPE), silicone rubber (SR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM/EPDM), nibindi.
3. Gukingira
Imikorere: Urusobe rw'insinga n'insinga rufite ibitekerezo bibiri bitandukanye rwose.
Ubwa mbere, imiterere y'insinga n'insinga zitanga imiraba ya elegitoronike ifite frequency yo hejuru (nk'umuvuduko wa radiyo, insinga z'ikoranabuhanga) cyangwa imiraba idakomeye (nk'insinga z'ibimenyetso) byitwa electromagnetic shielding. Intego ni ukubuza impanuka z'imiraba ya elegitoronike yo hanze, cyangwa gukumira ibimenyetso bya frequency yo hejuru mu nsinga kubangamira isi yo hanze, no gukumira impanuka hagati y'insinga ebyiri.
Icya kabiri, imiterere y'insinga z'amashanyarazi ziciriritse n'izifite ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo zinganye ingufu z'amashanyarazi ku buso bw'icyuma gitwara amashanyarazi cyangwa ubuso bukingira amashanyarazi byitwa amashanyarazi. Mu by'ukuri, amashanyarazi ntasaba akazi ko "gukingira", ahubwo agira uruhare rwo guhuza ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Ubusanzwe icyuma gikingira amashanyarazi kiba gishingiye ku butaka.
* Imiterere n'ibikoresho by'uburinzi bw'amashanyarazi
① Uburinzi buboshye: koresha cyane cyane insinga z'umuringa zidafite ibara, insinga z'umuringa zipfutse mu gikombe, insinga z'umuringa zipfutse mu ifeza, insinga za aluminiyumu-magnesium, kaseti y'umuringa ifunze, kaseti y'umuringa ifunze mu ifeza, nibindi bigomba kubohwa hanze y'inkingi ifunze, insinga ebyiri cyangwa insinga z'umuringa;
② Gukingira kaseti y'umuringa: koresha kaseti y'umuringa yoroshye kugira ngo upfuke cyangwa upfundike uhagaze inyuma y'inkingi y'umugozi;
③ Gukingira kaseti ikoze mu byuma: koresha kaseti ya aluminiyumu ya Mylar cyangwa kaseti y'umuringa ya Mylar kugira ngo uyipfunyike cyangwa uyipfunyike mu buryo buhagaze insinga cyangwa insinga y'imbere;
④ Uburinzi bwuzuye: Gukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kuburinda. Urugero, pfunyika insinga z'umuringa (1-4) zirambuye nyuma yo kuzipfunyika ukoresheje agapapuro ka aluminiyumu ka Mylar. Insinga z'umuringa zishobora kongera imbaraga zo kuburinda;
⑤ Ubwikingo butandukanye + uburinzi rusange: buri nsinga ebyiri cyangwa itsinda ry'insinga zikingirwa na kaseti ya aluminiyumu Mylar cyangwa insinga y'umuringa iboshywe ukwayo, hanyuma imiterere rusange y'uburinzi yongerwaho nyuma yo gufunga insinga;
⑥ Ubwikingo bwo gupfunyika: Koresha insinga y'umuringa yoroshye, kaseti y'umuringa, nibindi kugira ngo upfunyike insinga y'umuringa ifunze, insinga ebyiri cyangwa insinga.
* Inyubako n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi birinda amashanyarazi
Ubwirinzi butuma umwuka ugenda neza: Ku nsinga z'amashanyarazi za 6kV no hejuru yazo, urwego rworoshye rwo kurinda umuriro rufatanye n'ubuso bw'umuyoboro n'ubuso butuma umwuka ugenda neza. Urusobe rw'umuyoboro ni urwego rwo kurinda umuriro rugenda neza. Ubwirinzi butuma umwuka ugenda neza bufite igice cya 500mm² no hejuru muri rusange bugizwe na kaseti ituma umwuka ugenda neza n'urwego rwo kurinda umuriro rugenda neza. Urusobe rw'umuyoboro rutuma umwuka ugenda neza ni imiterere isohoka;
Insinga z'umuringa zipfunyitse: Insinga z'umuringa zizengurutse zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gupfunyikira mu cyerekezo kimwe, kandi urwego rwo hanze rupfunyitse inyuma kandi ruhambirwa na kaseti y'umuringa cyangwa insinga z'umuringa. Ubu bwoko bw'inyubako bukunze gukoreshwa mu nsinga zifite umuyoboro munini w'amashanyarazi, nka insinga zimwe na zimwe zifite igice kinini cya 35kV. insinga y'amashanyarazi ifite core imwe;
Gupfunyika kaseti y'umuringa: gupfunyika hakoreshejwe kaseti y'umuringa yoroshye;
④ Agakoresho ka aluminiyumu gakozwe muri korrugasiyo: Gakoresha uburyo bwo gupfunyika bushyushye cyangwa kaseti ya aluminiyumu mu buryo bworoshye, gusudira, gushushanya, nibindi. Ubwo bwoko bw'uburinzi bufite uburyo bwiza bwo kuziba amazi, kandi bukoreshwa cyane cyane ku nsinga z'amashanyarazi zifite voltage nyinshi n'amashanyarazi menshi cyane.
4. Icyuma cyo mu gituza
Akamaro k'icyuma ni ukurinda insinga, naho igice cy'imbere ni ukurinda ubushyuhe. Bitewe n'imiterere ihora ihinduka mu mikoreshereze, imiterere y'ikoreshwa n'ibyo umukoresha akeneye. Kubwibyo, ubwoko, imiterere y'imiterere n'ibisabwa mu mikorere y'icyuma nabyo biratandukanye, bishobora kugabanywa mu byiciro bitatu:
Kimwe muri byo ni ukurinda ikirere cyo hanze, imbaraga za mekanike rimwe na rimwe, n'urwego rusange rwo kurinda rusaba uburinzi rusange bwo gufunga (nk'ukurinda kwinjira k'umwuka w'amazi n'imyuka yangiza); Niba hari imbaraga nyinshi zo hanze za mekanike cyangwa ziremereye insinga, hagomba kuba hari urwego rwo kurinda rw'urwego rw'icyuma; icya gatatu ni imiterere y'urwego rwo kurinda rufite ibisabwa byihariye.
Bityo rero, imiterere y'icyuma n'insinga muri rusange igabanyijemo ibice bibiri by'ingenzi: icyuma (amaboko) n'icyuma cyo hanze. Imiterere y'icyuma cy'imbere iroroshye cyane, mu gihe icyuma cyo hanze kirimo urwego rw'icyuma n'urwego rwacyo rw'imbere (kugira ngo hirindwe urwego rw'icyuma rwangiza urwego rw'imbere rw'icyuma), n'icyuma cyo hanze kigomba kurinda urwego rw'icyuma, nibindi. Ku bintu bitandukanye byihariye nko gukumira inkongi z'umuriro, kurwanya inkongi z'umuriro, kurwanya udukoko (inyenzi), kurwanya inyamaswa (kurumwa n'imbeba, inyoni), nibindi, inyinshi muri byo zikemurwa no kongeramo imiti itandukanye mu gice cyo hanze; bike bigomba kongeramo ibintu bikenewe mu gice cyo hanze cy'icyuma.
Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa ni ibi bikurikira:
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyperfluoroethylene propylene (FEP), polyolefine itagira umwotsi mwinshi (LSZH/HFFR), elastomer ya thermoplastic (TPE)
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-30-2022