Muri iki gihe, ikoranabuhanga ry'itumanaho ryabaye igice cy'ingenzi cy'amato agezweho. Yaba akoreshwa mu gutwara abantu, itumanaho, imyidagaduro, cyangwa izindi sisitemu z'ingenzi, kohereza ibimenyetso byizewe ni ishingiro ryo kwemeza ko amato akora neza kandi mu buryo bwizewe. Insinga za coaxial zo mu mazi, nk'uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kohereza ubutumwa, zigira uruhare runini muri sisitemu z'itumanaho ry'amato bitewe n'imiterere yazo yihariye n'imikorere yazo myiza. Iyi nkuru izatanga ibisobanuro birambuye ku miterere y'insinga za coaxial zo mu mazi, bigamije kugufasha gusobanukirwa neza amahame y'imiterere yazo n'inyungu zo kuyikoresha.
Intangiriro y'ibanze y'imiterere
Umuyobozi w'imbere
Umuyoboro w'imbere ni wo gice cy'ingenzi cy'insinga za coaxial zo mu mazi, ahanini ushinzwe kohereza ibimenyetso. Imikorere yawo igira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere myiza n'ubwiza bw'ihererekanya ry'ibimenyetso. Muri sisitemu y'itumanaho ry'ubwato, umuyoboro w'imbere ukora akazi ko kohereza ibimenyetso kuva ku bikoresho byohereza kugeza ku bikoresho byakira, bigatuma guhagarara no kwizerwa kwabyo biba ingenzi.
Umuyoboro w'imbere ubusanzwe ukozwe mu muringa utunganye cyane. Umuringa ufite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara, bigatuma ibimenyetso bitakaza igihe cyo kohereza. Byongeye kandi, umuringa ufite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara, bigatuma ushobora kwihanganira imihangayiko imwe n'imwe ya mashini. Mu bikorwa bimwe na bimwe byihariye, umuyoboro w'imbere ushobora kuba ufite umuringa wa silver-plated kugira ngo wongere imikorere ya mashini. Umuringa wa silver-plated uhuza imiterere ya mashini ya silver-resistance n'imiterere ya mashini ya silver-resistance, bigatuma habaho imikorere myiza mu kohereza ibimenyetso bya silver-frequency.
Uburyo bwo gukora icyuma cy’imbere gikoresha icyuma gishushanya insinga z’umuringa bukubiyemo gushushanya no gutunganya insinga z’umuringa. Gushushanya insinga z’umuringa bisaba kugenzura neza umurambararo w’insinga kugira ngo icyuma cy’imbere gikore neza. Gutunganya icyuma gipima insinga bishobora kunoza uburyo icyuma gipima insinga kidakoresha ingese n’imiterere ya mashini. Ku bikorwa bigoye cyane, icyuma cy’imbere gishobora gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima insinga nyinshi kugira ngo cyongere imikorere. Urugero, icyuma gipima insinga nyinshi cyakozwe mu muringa, nikeli, na feza gitanga ubushobozi bwo gutwara no kurwanya ingese neza.
Ubugari n'imiterere y'umuyoboro w'imbere bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y'imiyoboro ya coaxial. Ku miyoboro ya coaxial yo mu mazi, ubugari bw'umuyoboro w'imbere busanzwe bugomba kunozwa hashingiwe ku bisabwa kugira ngo habeho kohereza neza mu bidukikije byo mu mazi. Urugero, kohereza ikimenyetso gifite frequency nyinshi bisaba umuyoboro woroheje w'imbere kugira ngo ugabanye kugabanuka kw'ibimenyetso, mu gihe kohereza ikimenyetso gifite frequency nke bishobora gukoresha umuyoboro w'imbere ukomeye kugira ngo wongere imbaraga z'ibimenyetso.
Urupapuro rw'ubushyuhe
Urusobe rw'amashanyarazi ruri hagati y'umuyoboro w'imbere n'umuyoboro w'inyuma. Inshingano yarwo y'ibanze ni ukurinda ko ibimenyetso bisohoka cyangwa inzira ngufi, bigatandukanya umuyoboro w'imbere n'umuyoboro w'inyuma. Ibikoresho by'urusobe rw'amashanyarazi bigomba kugira ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukingira amashanyarazi n'imikorere ya mekanike kugira ngo ibimenyetso bihamye kandi bihamye mu gihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa.
Urusobe rw'insinga za coaxial zo mu mazi rugomba kandi kuba rufite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese kugira ngo ruhuze n'ibikenewe byihariye mu bidukikije byo mu mazi. Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gukingira ingese birimo foam polyethylene (Foam PE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene (PE), na polypropylene (PP). Ibi bikoresho ntibifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukingira gusa ahubwo bishobora no kwihanganira ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe n'ingese za shimi.
Ubunini, uburinganire, n'uburyo urwego rw'ubushyuhe rukora bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y'insinga. Uru rwego rw'ubushyuhe rugomba kuba rufite ubunini buhagije kugira ngo hirindwe ko ikimenyetso cyameneka ariko ntirube runini cyane, kuko byakongera uburemere bw'insinga n'igiciro. Byongeye kandi, uru rwego rw'ubushyuhe rugomba kugira ubworoherane bwiza bwo kwakira uburibwe n'ihindagurika ry'insinga.
Konduktora yo hanze (Urutonde rukingira)
Igikoresho cyo hanze, cyangwa urwego rwo kurinda insinga ya coaxial, ahanini gikingira ingaruka z'amashanyarazi zo hanze, kigakomeza kwemeza ko ibimenyetso bihamye mu gihe cyo kohereza. Imiterere y'igikoresho cyo hanze igomba gusuzuma ingaruka z'amashanyarazi no kurwanya guhinda kugira ngo ibimenyetso bihamye mu gihe cyo kugenda mu bwato.
Umuyoboro w'inyuma ubusanzwe ukozwe mu nsinga y'icyuma iboshye, itanga ubushobozi bwo koroshya no kurinda, bigabanya neza ingaruka z'amashanyarazi. Uburyo bwo kuboha umuyoboro w'inyuma busaba kugenzura neza ubucucike bw'umuyoboro n'inguni kugira ngo harebwe imikorere myiza y'uburinzi. Nyuma yo kuboha, umuyoboro w'inyuma ukorerwa ubushyuhe kugira ngo unoze imiterere yawo ya mekanike n'iy'uburinzi.
Ubushobozi bwo kurinda ni igipimo cy'ingenzi mu gusuzuma imikorere y'umuyoboro w'inyuma. Kugabanya cyane umutekano bigaragaza imikorere myiza yo kurwanya amashanyarazi. Insinga za coaxial zo mu mazi zisaba kugabanya cyane umutekano kugira ngo habeho kohereza ibimenyetso mu buryo buhamye mu bidukikije bigoye. Byongeye kandi, umuyoboro w'inyuma ugomba kuba ufite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'umuyaga kugira ngo uhuze n'ibidukikije by'amato.
Kugira ngo hongerwe imikorere yo kurwanya amashanyarazi, insinga za coaxial zo mu mazi zikunze gukoresha imiterere ifite uburinzi bubiri cyangwa butatu. Imiterere ifite uburinzi bubiri irimo urwego rw'insinga ziboshye mu cyuma n'urwego rwa aluminiyumu, bigabanya neza ingaruka zo guhungabanya amashanyarazi yo hanze ku ihererekanya ry'amajwi. Iyi miterere ikora neza cyane mu bidukikije bigoye cyane, nko muri sisitemu za radar z'ubwato na sisitemu z'itumanaho rya satelite.
Ikiganza
Agashishwa ni urwego rwo kurinda insinga ya coaxial, irinda insinga kwangirika kw'ibidukikije byo hanze. Ku nsinga za coaxial zo mu mazi, ibikoresho by'agashishwa bigomba kugira imiterere nk'ubudahangarwa n'ingufu, ubudahangarwa n'ubudahangarwa, kandi ntibishobora kwangirika kugira ngo bibe byizerwa kandi bitekanye mu bidukikije bikomeye.
Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo mu gipangu birimo polyolefine yoroheje kandi idahumeka cyane (LSZH), polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), na polyethylene (PE). Ibi bikoresho birinda insinga kwangirika kw'ibidukikije. Ibikoresho bya LSZH ntibitanga umwotsi w'uburozi iyo bitwitswe, byujuje ibisabwa mu mutekano no kurengera ibidukikije mu bidukikije byo mu mazi. Kugira ngo hongerwe umutekano w'ubwato, ibikoresho byo mu gipangu cya coaxial cyo mu mazi bikoresha LSZH, bitagabanya gusa ingaruka mbi ku bakozi mu gihe cy'inkongi ariko binagabanya ihumana ry'ibidukikije.
Imiterere yihariye
Urwego rw'Uburinzi
Mu bikorwa bisaba uburinzi bw'inyongera bwa mekanike, urwego rw'uburinzi rwongerwaho urwego rw'uburinzi. Ubusanzwe urwego rw'uburinzi rukorwa mu nsinga z'icyuma cyangwa kaseti y'icyuma, binoza neza imiterere y'insinga kandi bikarinda kwangirika mu bidukikije bikomeye. Urugero, mu makabati y'iminyururu y'ubwato cyangwa ku mabaraza, insinga z'uburinzi za coaxial zishobora kwihanganira ingaruka za mekanike no kwangirika, bigatuma ibimenyetso bikomeza koherezwa.
Urusobe rw'amazi
Bitewe n'ubushuhe bwinshi bw'ibidukikije byo mu mazi, insinga za coaxial zo mu mazi zikunze kuba zifite urwego rudapfa amazi kugira ngo hirindwe ko ubushuhe bwinjira kandi bugatuma ibimenyetso bikomeza koherezwa. Uru rwego rusanzwe rukubiyemokaseti ifunga amazicyangwa ubudodo bufunga amazi, bubyimba iyo buhuye n'ubushuhe kugira ngo bufunge neza insinga. Kugira ngo wongereho uburinzi, ikoti rya PE cyangwa XLPE rishobora no gushyirwaho kugira ngo ryongere ubushobozi bwo kwirinda amazi no kuramba.
Incamake
Imiterere y'imiterere n'uburyo bwo guhitamo ibikoresho by'insinga za coaxial zo mu mazi ni ingenzi mu bushobozi bwazo bwo kohereza ibimenyetso mu buryo buhamye kandi bwizewe mu bidukikije bikomeye byo mu mazi. Buri gice gikorana kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwiza kandi buhamye bwo kohereza ibimenyetso. Binyuze mu miterere itandukanye yo kunoza imiterere, insinga za coaxial zo mu mazi zujuje ibisabwa bikomeye byo kohereza ibimenyetso.
Bitewe n’iterambere rirambye ry’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho ry’amato, insinga zo mu mazi zizakomeza kugira uruhare runini muri sisitemu za radar z’amato, sisitemu z’itumanaho rya satelite, sisitemu zo kuyobora ubwato, na sisitemu z’imyidagaduro, bitanga inkunga ikomeye mu mikorere myiza n’umutekano y’amato.
Ku bijyanye n'ISI IMWE
ISI IMWEyiyemeje gutanga ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya insinga zo mu bwoko bwa "cable plants" byo gukora insinga zitandukanye zo mu mazi. Dutanga ibikoresho by'ingenzi nka LSZH compounds, foam PE insulation materials, ifeza-plated cup, plastique coated aluminium capes, n'insinga z'icyuma ziboshye, dufasha abakiriya kugera ku bisabwa mu mikorere nko kurwanya ingese, kudakira umuriro, no kuramba. Ibicuruzwa byacu byubahiriza amahame ya REACH na RoHS ku bidukikije, bitanga ingwate yizewe ku bikoresho bya sisitemu z'itumanaho ry'ubwato.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 30 Kamena-2025