Insinga z'amashanyarazi zikozwe muri polyethylene zifatanye zikoreshwa cyane mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi kubera imiterere yazo myiza y'ubushyuhe n'imikorere ya mekanike, imiterere y'amashanyarazi meza cyane ndetse no kurwanya ingese. Ifite kandi ibyiza byo koroshya imiterere, uburemere bworoheje, gushyiramo ntibigarukira ku kugabanuka, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu miyoboro y'amashanyarazi yo mu mijyi, mu birombe, mu nganda zikora imiti n'ahandi. Uburyo insinga zikoreshwa mu gukingira insingapolyethylene ifatanye, ihindurwa mu buryo bwa shimi iva kuri polyethylene isanzwe ihinduka imiterere y'urusobe rw'ibice bitatu, bityo ikarushaho kunoza imiterere ya polyethylene mu gihe ikomeza kugira imiterere myiza y'amashanyarazi. Ibi bikurikira birambuye itandukaniro n'ibyiza biri hagati y'insinga zifatanye za polyethylene zishyushye n'insinga zisanzwe zishyushye mu buryo butandukanye.
1. Itandukaniro ry'ibikoresho
(1) Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe
Ubushyuhe bw'insinga zisanzwe zishyushye ubusanzwe ni 70°C, mu gihe ubushyuhe bw'insinga zishyushye za polyethylene zishobora kugera kuri 90°C cyangwa zirenga, bikongera cyane ubushyuhe bw'insinga, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu bikorwa bikomeye.
(2) Ubushobozi bwo gutwara
Munsi y'agace kamwe k'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, ubushobozi bwo gutwara umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wa XLPE buri hejuru cyane ugereranije n'ubw'umuyoboro usanzwe w'amashanyarazi, ushobora guhaza sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ikeneye umuyoboro munini w'amashanyarazi.
(3) Ingano y'ikoreshwa
Insinga zisanzwe zishyushya zisohora umwotsi wa HCl w’uburozi iyo zitwitswe, kandi ntizishobora gukoreshwa mu bihe bisaba kwirinda inkongi z’umuriro ku bidukikije no kugabanya uburozi. Insinga zishyushya zikoresheje polyethylene zidafite halogen, ntizingiza ibidukikije, zikwiriye imiyoboro ikwirakwizwamo, ishyirwa mu nganda n’ibindi bihe bisaba amashanyarazi menshi, cyane cyane AC 50Hz, voltage ifite 6kV ~ 35kV imiyoboro ihoraho yo gukwirakwiza no gukwirakwiza.
(4) Gukomera ku buziranenge bw'ibinyabutabire
Polyethylene ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ibinyabutabire kandi ishobora gukomeza gukora neza mu bidukikije birimo aside, alkali n'ibindi binyabutabire, ibyo bigatuma irushaho kuba nziza mu bintu byihariye nko mu bimera by'ibinyabutabire n'ibidukikije byo mu mazi.
2. Ibyiza by'insinga za polyethylene zifatanye
(1) Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe
Polyethylene ihuza ibyuma ihindurwa hakoreshejwe imiti cyangwa ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo ihindure imiterere ya molekile ihinduka imiterere y’urusobe rw’ibice bitatu, ibyo bikaba byongera cyane ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bw’ibikoresho. Ugereranyije n’uburyo busanzwe bwo gukingira polyethylene na polyvinyl chloride, insinga za polyethylene zihuza ibyuma zirushaho gukomera mu bushyuhe bwinshi.
(2) Ubushyuhe bwinshi mu mikorere
Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere bw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi bushobora kugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 90, buruta ubw'insinga zisanzwe za PVC cyangwa polyethylene, bityo bikazamura cyane ubushobozi bw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi n'umutekano mu gihe kirekire.
(3) Imiterere myiza cyane ya mekanike
Insinga ya polyethylene ifatanye iracyafite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gushyushya no gusaza ubushyuhe mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi ishobora kugumana ubuziranenge mu gihe kirekire.
(4) Uburemere bworoheje, bworoshye gushyiraho
Uburemere bw'insinga ya polyethylene ifatanye ni bworoshye kurusha ubw'insinga zisanzwe, kandi gushyiramo ntibigarukira ku kugabanuka. Ikwiriye cyane cyane ahantu hagoye hubatswe ndetse no mu buryo bunini bwo gushyiraho insinga.
(5) Imikorere myiza y'ibidukikije:
Insinga ya polyethylene ifatanye n'izindi ntabwo irimo halogen, ntirekura imyuka ihumanya mu gihe cyo gutwika, ntigira ingaruka nke ku bidukikije, kandi ikwiriye cyane cyane ahantu hasabwa cyane mu kurengera ibidukikije.
3. Ibyiza byo gushyiraho no kubungabunga
(1) Kuramba cyane
Insinga ya polyethylene ifatanye ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya gusaza, ikwiriye gushyirwa mu butaka igihe kirekire cyangwa gushyirwa ahantu ho hanze, bigabanya inshuro zo gusimbuza insinga.
(2) Kwizerwa cyane mu gukingira ibidukikije
Imiterere myiza cyane y’ubushyuhe bwa polyethylene ifatanye, ifite uburinzi bw’amashanyarazi menshi n’imbaraga zo kwangirika, igabanya ibyago byo kunanirwa k’ubushyuhe mu gukoresha ingufu nyinshi z’amashanyarazi.
(3) Amafaranga make yo kubungabunga
Bitewe n’ubudahangarwa bw’ingufu n’ubudahangarwa bw’insinga za polyethylene zifatanye, igihe cyazo cyo kuzikoresha kiba kirekire, bigatuma ikiguzi cyo kuzisana no kuzisimbuza kigabanuka.
4. Ibyiza by'ubufasha bushya bwa tekiniki
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'ibikoresho bya polyethylene bifitanye isano, imikorere yabyo yo gukingira n'imiterere yabyo byarushijeho kunozwa, nko:
Ifite ubushobozi bwo gukumira inkongi z'umuriro, ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu bice byihariye (nk'umuhanda wa gari ya moshi, sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi);
Ubudahangarwa bw'ubukonje bwarushijeho kwiyongera, buracyari mu bihe bikonje cyane;
Binyuze muri gahunda nshya yo guhuza insinga, inzira yo gukora insinga irushaho kuba nziza kandi itangiza ibidukikije.
Kubera imikorere yayo myiza, insinga za polyethylene zifatanye zifite ikoranabuhanga ry’amashanyarazi zifite umwanya ukomeye mu bijyanye no kohereza no gukwirakwiza ingufu, zigatanga amahitamo meza, yizewe kandi adahungabanya ibidukikije ku miyoboro y’amashanyarazi igezweho mu mijyi no mu iterambere ry’inganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-27-2024