1. IRIBURIRO
Umugozi w'itumanaho mu kwanduza ibimenyetso byinshi, bizatanga ingaruka z'uruhu, kandi hamwe no kwiyongera kw'ikimenyetso cyo gutangwa, ingaruka z'uruhu zirakomeye kandi zikomeye. Ingaruka yicyitwa Uruhu bivuga kohereza ibimenyetso hejuru yurwego rwo hanze rwumuyobora w'imbere hamwe nubuso bwimbere bwumugozi winyuma wumugozi winyuma wumugozi munini cyangwa ibihumbi icumi bya hertz.
By'umwihariko, hamwe n'igiciro mpuzamahanga cy'amazi y'umuringa n'ibikoresho by'umuringa muri kamere bigenda birushaho kuba bike, bityo gukoresha imiyoboro y'icyuma cy'umuringa cyangwa imiyoboro y'inganda z'umuringa, ahubwo yahindutse umurimo wo gukora insinga, ahubwo yahindutse umurimo wo gukora inganda z'imirwano, ahubwo yahindutse umurimo wo gukora imiyoboro y'insinga n'inganda zikoreshwa mu isoko.
Ariko insinga mubipfunyika byumuringa, kubera kwibasira, mbere yo gutoranya Nikel nibindi bikorwa, byoroshye gutanga umusaruro wimyatsi, byoroshye, kugirango ingamba zo gukora ibicuruzwa byiyongere. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kugirango umuntu abeho. Uru rupapuro ruvuga ahanini amahame ahoraho nuburyo bwo gukora insinga yambaye umuringa yamenetse na electraplating, kimwe nibitera ibibazo byubwiza nuburyo bukoreshwa. 1 Umugozi wambaye umugozi wintwari yinyuma nimpamvu zayo
1. 1 Mbere yo gufata insinga
Ubwa mbere, insinga yibizwa igisubizo cya alkaline nigitonga, kandi umuhanga runaka ukoreshwa kuri wire (anode) nisahani (Cathode), anode), anode), Anode), Anode), anode), Anode), Anode), Anode), Anode), Anode), Anode), Anode), Anode), Anode), Anode), Anode), Anode), Anode), Anode) Uruhare nyamukuru rw'izi myuka ni: imwe, urugomo hejuru yinsinga yicyuma hamwe na electrolyte yacyo bigira ingaruka kumigozi yicyuma, bityo bikaba biteza imbere amavuta yo kwisiga, bityo bikaba biteza imbere amavuta yo kwisiga, bityo bihumura amavuta yo kwisiga, kwihutisha inzira yo kwisiga no kwihutisha inzira yo kuzura na mavuta na mavuta; Icya kabiri, kubera ibituba bito bifatanye nimikorere hagati yicyuma nigisubizo, hamwe nibituba bizazana amavuta menshi hejuru yigiti, kandi icyarimwe, ntabwo byoroshye kubyara hydrogène kwangirika kwa anode, kugirango ibyo byose byabonetse.
1. Gufotora 2
Ubwa mbere, insinga ivurwa kandi ibanziriza hamwe na Nikel mu kwibiza mu gisubizo cyo gutangiza no gushyira mu bikorwa voltage runaka kuri wire (cathode) n'isahani y'umuringa (anode). Kuri Anode, isahani y'umuringa itakaza electron kandi ikora amatora yo gukuramo inyamanswa muri electrolytic (platique):
CU - 2E → CU2 +
Kuri Cathode, insinga yicyuma yongeye kongera kuvugurura ihangane hamwe na pipper yumuringa yashyizwe ku nsinga kugirango ikore insinga ya cropper yicyuma:
CU2 + + 2E → CU
CU2 + + E → CU +
CU + + e → cu
2h + + 2E → H2
Iyo ingano ya aside iri mu gisubizo cyo gutangiza ni sulfate idahagije, igikombe cya sydrolyse yoroshye gukora okiside. Oxide yumunyagiciro yafatiwe mumwanya wa poreho, ubikora. CU2 So4 + H2O [CU2o + H2 So4
I. INGINGO Z'INGENZI
Inzozi zo hanze muri rusange zigizwe na fibre yambaye ubusa, umuyoboro urekuye, ibikoresho byo guhagarika amazi, bikomeza ibintu, no gushiraho hanze. Baza muburyo butandukanye nko gushushanya hagati, urwego ruranyegurika, nuburyo bwa skeleton.
Fibre yambaye ubusa yerekeza kuri fibre yumwimerere ifite diameter ya micrometero 250. Mubisanzwe barimo urwego rwibanze, rukangurura igice, no guhinga. Ubwoko butandukanye bwa fibre yambaye ubusa ifite ubunini butandukanye. Kurugero, fibre imwe ya os2 muri rusange ni micrometero 9, mugihe Multimode Om2 / Om3 / Om4 / Om4 / Om4 OM1 Fibre ni micrometero 62.5. Fibre yambaye ubusa akenshi irahuye ibara-yanditse kugirango itandukanye hagati ya fibre nyinshi.
Imiyoboro irekuye isanzwe ikozwe mu mbaraga zingana na pbt pbt kandi ikoreshwa mugukemura fibre yambaye ubusa. Batanga uburinzi kandi buzuye gel ihagarika amazi kugirango wirinde uruganda rushobora kwangiza fibre. Gel akora kandi nka buffer kugirango yirinde kwangirika kwa fibre. Igikorwa cyo gukora cyo gutunganya ibituba ni ngombwa kugirango uburebure bwa fibre burenze.
Ibikoresho bihagarika amazi birimo amavuta yo guhagarika amazi, akadomo kabuza amazi, cyangwa ifu ihagarika amazi. Kugirango ugere ku buryo bworoshye bwa cable-guhagarika ubushobozi bwo guhagarika amazi, uburyo bwingenzi ni ugukoresha amavuta abuza amazi.
Gushimangira ibintu biza muburyo bwubwoko nuburyo butari imbaho. Icyuma gikunze gukorwa mubyinshi bya fosifeti, kaseti ya aluminium, cyangwa kaseti. Ibintu bitari ibyuma bikozwe ahanini nibikoresho bya FRP. Utitaye ku bikoresho byakoreshejwe, ibi bintu bigomba gutanga imbaraga zamabuye zikenewe kugirango duhuze ibisabwa, harimo no kurwanya impagarara, kunama, kunama, no kugoreka.
Imyandikire yo hanze igomba gusuzuma ibidukikije, harimo no kurwanya amazi, UV, no kurwanya ikirere. Kubwibyo, ibikoresho byirabura bikoreshwa, nkuko byakunze kugaragara kumubiri no mumiti bya mitique byerekana ko bikwiye kubishyira hanze.
2 Ibitera ibibazo byiza mubikorwa byo gutaka hamwe nibisubizo byabo
2. 1 Ingaruka zo kwitegura insinga kuri platique urwego rwibanze yo gufata insinga ningirakamaro cyane mumusaruro wijimye wijimye na electroplating. Niba firime ya peteroli na oxide hejuru yinsinga idakuweho rwose, hanyuma urwego rwa nikel mbere ntirushyizwe neza kandi ihuza ni umukene, amaherezo izaganisha kumwanya munini wumuringa ugwa. Ni ngombwa rero guhanga amaso kwibanda ku mazi ya alkaline kandi atontoma na alkaline ahari nibisanzwe, kandi niba atari byo, bigomba gusanwa vuba. Ibibazo bikunze kuvugwa mugufata insinga yicyuma nibisubizo byabo byerekanwe mumeza
2. 2 Umutekano wigisubizo cyabanjirije Nikel kigena ireme ryibice byibanze kandi bigira uruhare runini mugice gikurikira cyogutaha. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gusesengura buri gihe no guhindura ikigereranyo cyahimbwe igisubizo cya Nikel mbere no kwemeza ko igisubizo cya Nikel cyanduye kandi kidanduye.
2.3 Ingaruka zigisubizo nyamukuru cyo gushushanya kumurongo utanga igisubizo kirimo umuringa wa sulfate na aside sulfuric igena ubwiza bwikigereranyo. Niba kwibanda ku mwenda wa Copper ari hejuru cyane, umuringa watiringa watsinzwe uzacirwa; Niba kwibanda ku ndwara y'umuringa ari hasi cyane, insinga zizasenyuka byoroshye kandi gukora neza bizagira ingaruka. Aside sulfuric irashobora kunoza imikorere y'amashanyarazi hamwe nuburyo bugezweho bwamashanyarazi, kugabanya kwibanda kubisubizo bya electraplation (bikaba byangiza igitekerezo cya electraplating, bityo bikabangamira igisubizo cya electraplation (bityo bikaba byaranze igisubizo cya electraplation no kuri sydrolsing of electroplating mubikeshwa Kandi imvura, yongera igisubizo cyo gucika intege, ariko kandi bigabanya polarique ya anodic, ifasha gusesa bisanzwe. Ariko, twakagombye kumenya ko ibirimo binini bya sulfuric bizagabanya gukemurwa k'umuringa w'umuringa. Iyo aside sulfuric induru mu gisubizo cyo gukwirakwiza ari ukudahagije, umuringa SUlfate ihagije, yinjije mu ruganda, ibara ry'umwenda rihinduka; Iyo hari aside aside sulfuric mu gisubizo cyo gusenya kandi ibirimo umunyu birahagije, hydrogène izaba isohoka igice muri Cathode, kugirango ubuso bwipimbeshe busa nkibigaragara. Fosifori Plas Slapy Ibirimo birangira kandi kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku ireme ry'icyubahiro, ibirimo bya fosifore bigomba kugenzurwa mu rwego rwa 0. 02% kuri 0. 02% kuri 0. 02% kuri 0. 02% Kuri 0. Niba ibikubiye muri PhoSphoro kurenza 0. 1%, bizagira ingaruka kubisagarane kuri Anode, kugirango ibikubiye muri ions yibanze muri positike mugutanga umusaruro uragabanuka, kandi ubyare ibyondo byinshi anode. Byongeye kandi, isahani yumuringa igomba kwozwa buri gihe kugirango ibuze anode guswera kwanduza igisubizo cyo gukwirakwiza no gutera ubukana no gushyingura mubice.
Umwanzuro
Binyuze mu gutunganya ibintu byavuzwe haruguru, ubupfura no gukomeza ibicuruzwa nibyiza, ubuziranenge burahagaze kandi imikorere ni nziza. Ariko, mubikorwa nyabyo byumusaruro, haribintu byinshi bireba ubwiza bwigihe cyo kwiyerekana mubikorwa, iyo ikibazo kimaze kuboneka, kimaze kuboneka, bigomba gukorwa mugihe kandi hagomba gufatwa ingamba zo kugikemura.
Igihe cya nyuma: Jun-14-2022