Intsinga zidafite amazi zerekeza ku bwoko bwa kabili aho ibikoresho byifashishwa bidafite amazi n’ibishushanyo bifatwa mu miterere ya kabili kugira ngo amazi atinjira mu miterere y’umugozi. Intego nyamukuru yaryo ni ukureba niba igihe kirekire gikora neza kandi gihamye cyogukora mumashanyarazi, munsi yubutaka cyangwa mumazi ndetse n’ibindi bidukikije bifite ubuhehere bwinshi, no gukumira ibibazo nko kumeneka kwamashanyarazi no gusaza kwizuba biterwa no kwinjira mumazi. Ukurikije uburyo bwabo butandukanye bwo kurinda, barashobora gushyirwa mumigozi itagira amazi ibuza amazi kwinjira yishingikirije kumiterere ubwayo, hamwe ninsinga zifunga amazi zibuza amazi gukwirakwira mubintu bifatika.
Iriburiro ryubwoko bwa JHS
Umugozi wa JHS utagira amazi ni umugozi usanzwe utagira amazi. Byombi byokwirinda hamwe nicyatsi bikozwe muri reberi, bigaragaza ubworoherane n’amazi meza. Ikoreshwa cyane mubidukikije nko gutanga amashanyarazi ya pompe, ibikorwa byo munsi y'ubutaka, kubaka amazi, hamwe no kuvoma amashanyarazi, kandi birakwiriye kugenda mumazi maremare cyangwa asubiramo mumazi. Ubu bwoko bwa kabili busanzwe bukoresha ibintu bitatu-byingenzi kandi bikwiranye na pompe y'amazi menshi. Nkuko isura yayo isa niy'insinga zisanzwe zometseho reberi, mugihe uhitamo ubwoko, birakenewe cyane cyane kwemeza niba ifite imiterere yimbere idafite amazi cyangwa igishushanyo cyicyuma kugirango harebwe niba gikenewe mubidukikije bikoreshwa.
Imiterere nuburyo bwo kurinda insinga zidafite amazi
Igishushanyo mbonera cyinsinga zidafite amazi mubisanzwe ziratandukana ukurikije imikoreshereze hamwe nurwego rwa voltage. Kumugozi umwe-wamazi utagira amazi,icyuma gifata amazicyangwa ibisanzwekaseti ifunga amaziBikunze kuzenguruka kurwego rwo gukingira, kandi ibikoresho byongera amazi birashobora gushirwa hanze yicyuma gikingira icyuma. Muri icyo gihe, ifu yo guhagarika amazi cyangwa imigozi yuzuza amazi ihujwe kugirango izamure imikorere rusange. Ibikoresho by'ibyatsi ahanini ni polyethylene yuzuye (HDPE) cyangwa reberi idasanzwe ifite imikorere yo guhagarika amazi, ikoreshwa mukuzamura ubushobozi rusange bwumuriro wa radiyo.
Ku nsinga nyinshi-nini cyangwa iringaniye kandi nini ya voltage nini, kugirango yongere imikorere idakoresha amazi, kaseti ya aluminiyumu isize plastike ikunze gufungwa igihe kirekire imbere yimbere yimbere cyangwa imbere, mugihe icyatsi cya HDPE gisohorwa kumurongo winyuma kugirango habeho imiterere idahwitse y'amazi. Kuriguhuza polyethylene (XLPE)insinga zidafite insinga za 110kV no hejuru yamanota, ibyuma byicyuma nka aluminiyumu ishyushye, isunikwa-shyushye, aluminiyumu isudira, cyangwa ibyuma bikonje bikonje bikoreshwa kenshi kugirango bitange ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurinda imirasire.
Uburyo bwo kurinda insinga zidafite amazi: igihe kirekire kandi kitarinda amazi
Uburyo bwo kwirinda amazi yinsinga zidafite amazi zirashobora kugabanywamo amashanyarazi maremare kandi adakoresha amazi. Kurinda amazi maremare ahanini bishingiye ku bikoresho bifunga amazi, nk'ifu ifunga amazi, ifunga ifunga amazi, na kaseti ifunga amazi. Amazi amaze kwinjira, azaguka byihuse kugirango agire urwego rwo kwigunga, arinde neza amazi gukwirakwira muburebure bwa kabili. Amashanyarazi adashobora gukumira cyane cyane amazi abuza kwinjira mu mugozi uturutse hanze binyuze mu bikoresho cyangwa ibyuma. Intsinga zo mu rwego rwohejuru zidafite amazi zisanzwe zihuza ikoreshwa ryuburyo bubiri kugirango amazi arinde amazi.
Itandukaniro riri hagati yinsinga zidafite amazi ninsinga zifunga amazi
Nubwo intego zombi zisa, hariho itandukaniro rigaragara mumahame yimiterere nuburyo bukoreshwa. Ingingo y'ingenzi y'insinga zidafite amazi ni ukubuza amazi kwinjira imbere mu nsinga. Imiterere yabyo ahanini ifata ibyuma cyangwa ibikoresho byinshi cyane, bishimangira imashanyarazi. Birakwiriye kumwanya muremure wibidukikije nka pompe zirohama, ibikoresho byo munsi, hamwe na tunel zitose. Ku rundi ruhande, insinga zifunga amazi, zibanda cyane ku buryo bwo kugabanya ikwirakwizwa ry’amazi nyuma yo kwinjira. Bakoresha cyane cyane ibikoresho bibuza amazi kwaguka iyo bahuye namazi, nkifu ifunga amazi, umugozi uhagarika amazi, hamwe na kaseti ifunga amazi, kugirango bagere ku ngaruka ndende zo guhagarika amazi. Bikunze gukoreshwa muburyo bwo gusaba nk'insinga z'itumanaho, insinga z'amashanyarazi, n'insinga za optique. Imiterere rusange yinsinga zidafite amazi ziraruhije kandi igiciro kiri hejuru cyane, mugihe insinga zifunga amazi zifite imiterere ihindagurika nigiciro gishobora kugenzurwa, kandi irakwiriye muburyo butandukanye bwo gushyiramo ibidukikije.
Intangiriro kumiterere yuburyo bwo guhagarika amazi (kubitsinga bifunga amazi)
Inzitizi zifunga amazi zirashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa byoguhagarika amazi ninzego zingenzi zifunga amazi ukurikije imyanya yimbere ya kabili. Imiterere yo guhagarika amazi yabatwara ikubiyemo kongeramo ifu ifunga amazi cyangwa umugozi uhagarika amazi mugihe cyo kugoreka kwabayobora kugirango habeho urwego rurerure rwamazi. Birakwiriye mubihe aho ari ngombwa gukumira ikwirakwizwa mu bayobora. Imiterere yo guhagarika amazi yibikoresho bya kabili yongeramo kaseti ifunga amazi imbere ya kabili. Iyo sheath yangiritse kandi amazi yinjiye, iraguka byihuse kandi igahagarika imiyoboro ya kabili, ikarinda gukwirakwira. Kubintu byinshi-byingenzi, birasabwa gufata ibyemezo byigenga byo guhagarika amazi kuri buri cyerekezo kimwe kugirango huzuzwe ahantu h'impumyi zifunga amazi zatewe n’ibyuho binini n’imiterere idasanzwe ya kabili, bityo bikazamura ubwizerwe muri rusange.
Kugereranya Imbonerahamwe yinsinga zidafite amazi ninsinga zifunga amazi (verisiyo yicyongereza)
Umwanzuro
Intsinga zidafite amazi ninsinga zifunga amazi buriwese afite ibiranga tekiniki hamwe nibisabwa neza. Mubikorwa byubwubatsi nyabyo, gahunda yuburyo bukwiye butarimo amazi igomba gusuzumwa neza kandi igatoranywa hashingiwe kubidukikije, ubuzima bwa serivisi, urwego rwa voltage hamwe nibikorwa bisabwa. Muri icyo gihe, mugihe ushimangira imikorere yinsinga, hagomba kandi kwitabwaho ubwiza nubwuzuzanye bwibikoresho bitarimo amazi.
ISI imweyihaye guha uruganda rukora insinga zuzuye zidafite amazi kandi zifunga amazi, zirimo kaseti ifunga amazi, kaseti itwara amazi igice, icyuma gifunga amazi, HDPE, ihuza polyethylene (XLPE), nibindi, ikubiyemo imirima myinshi nkitumanaho, insinga za optique, nimbaraga. Ntabwo dutanga gusa ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge, ahubwo dufite itsinda ryubuhanga bwumwuga kugirango dushyigikire abakiriya mugushushanya no kunoza inyubako zinyuranye zidafite amazi, zifasha kuzamura ubwizerwe nimikorere yinsinga.
Niba ukeneye ibisobanuro birambuye kubicuruzwa cyangwa icyitegererezo, nyamuneka hamagara itsinda rimwe ryisi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-16-2025