Umugozi Wikingira Niki kandi Kuki Urwego Rukingira Ingenzi?

Umugozi ukingiwe, nkuko izina ribigaragaza, ni umugozi ufite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya imiyoboro ya elegitoroniki ya elegitoronike ikorwa muburyo bwumugozi wohereza hamwe nigice gikingira. Ibyo bita "gukingira" kumiterere ya kabili nigipimo cyo kunoza ikwirakwizwa ryumuriro wamashanyarazi. Umuyoboro wa kabili ugizwe ninsinga nyinshi zinsinga, byoroshye gukora icyuho cyumwuka hagati yacyo nigice cyiziritse, kandi hejuru yuyobora ntago yoroshye, bizatera kwibumbira mumashanyarazi.

1.Umurongo wo gukingira
(1). Ongeramo igikoresho cyo gukingira igice cya kabiri cyayobora hejuru yuyobora, kikaba gifite ibikoresho hamwe nuyobora ingabo ikingira kandi ugahuza neza n’urwego rwabigenewe, kugirango wirinde gusohora igice hagati yuwuyobora nu gipande. Uru rwego rwo gukingira ruzwi kandi nk'imbere yo gukingira imbere. Harashobora kandi kuba icyuho muguhuza hagati yubuso bwikibiriti nigishishwa, kandi mugihe umugozi wunamye, hejuru yamavuta yimpapuro-byoroshye byoroshye gutera ibice, bikaba aribintu bitera gusohora igice.

(2). Ongeramo igikoresho cyo gukingira igice cyigikoresho cyigice hejuru yikigero cyiziritse, gifite aho gihurira nicyuma gikingiwe kandi gifite ubushobozi bungana nicyuma cyicyuma, kugirango wirinde gusohora igice hagati yigitereko nicyatsi.

Kugirango ubashe kuyobora neza inturusu no gukingira umurima w'amashanyarazi, 6kV no hejuru ya insinga z'amashanyarazi ziciriritse kandi nini cyane muri rusange zifite icyuma gikingira ingabo hamwe nicyuma gikingira ingabo, kandi insinga zimwe na zimwe zifite ingufu nke zidafite ingabo. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwo gukingira ibice: igice cyo gukingira igice no gukingira ibyuma.

2. Umugozi ukingiwe
Igice cyo gukingira iyi nsinga ahanini gishyizwe mumurongo winsinga zicyuma cyangwa firime yicyuma, kandi hariho inzira zitandukanye zitandukanye zo gukingira hamwe no gukingira byinshi. Inkinzo imwe yerekana inshundura imwe cyangwa firime ikingira, ishobora kuzinga insinga imwe cyangwa nyinshi. Uburyo bwinshi bwo gukingira ni ubwinshi bwimiyoboro ikingira, kandi firime ikingira iri mumurongo umwe. Bimwe bikoreshwa mugutandukanya imiyoboro ya electromagnetiki hagati yinsinga, naho izindi zikingira ibice bibiri bikoreshwa mugukomeza ingaruka zo gukingira. Uburyo bwo gukingira ni ugukingira urwego rwo gukingira kugirango utandukane n’umubyigano uterwa n’umuvuduko w’insinga zo hanze.

(1) .Ingabo ikingira
Igice cyo gukingira igice gisanzwe gitunganijwe hejuru yinyuma yumurongo winsinga wimbere hamwe nubuso bwinyuma bwurwego rwimikorere, byiswe igice cyimbere cyikingira cyimbere hamwe nigice cyo gukingira igice. Igice cya kabiri cyikingira gikingira kigizwe nibikoresho byigice bifite imbaraga nke cyane kandi birwanya ubunini. Igice cyimbere cyigice cyo gukingira cyashizweho kugirango gihuze umurima wamashanyarazi hejuru yinyuma yumutwe wumuyoboro kandi wirinde gusohora igice cyumuyoboro hamwe nubwishingizi bitewe nubuso butaringaniye bwumuyoboro hamwe nicyuho cyumwuka uterwa ninturusu ihagaze. Inkinzo yo mu gice cya kabiri itwara imiyoborere ihuye neza nubuso bwinyuma bwurwego rwimyororokere, kandi ifite imbaraga nicyuma cyicyuma kugirango wirinde gusohora igice hamwe nicyuma kubera inenge nkibice byacitse hejuru yumurongo wa insinga.

(2). Inkinzo y'icyuma
Kumashanyarazi aciriritse kandi ntoya ya voltage idafite ibyuma byicyuma, usibye gushiraho igice cyingabo ziyobora igice, ariko kandi wongereho icyuma gikingira icyuma. Ubusanzwe icyuma gikingira icyumakaseti y'umuringacyangwa insinga z'umuringa, zigira uruhare runini mu gukingira umurima w'amashanyarazi.

Kuberako umuyoboro unyuze mumashanyarazi ari nini cyane, umurima wa magneti uzabyara hafi yumuyaga, kugirango utagira ingaruka kubindi bice, bityo urwego rukingira rushobora gukingira uyu murima wa electronique. Mubyongeyeho, umugozi ukingira umugozi urashobora kugira uruhare runini mukurinda ubutaka. Niba insinga ya kabili yangiritse, umuyoboro wamenetse urashobora gutembera kumurongo wa laminar ukingira, nkumuyoboro wubutaka, kugirango ugire uruhare mukurinda umutekano. Birashobora kugaragara ko uruhare rwibikoresho bya kabili bikiri binini cyane.