Ubudahangarwa bw'insinga ni ingenzi cyane mu gihe cy'inkongi, kandi guhitamo ibikoresho n'imiterere y'urwego rwo gupfunyika bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku mikorere rusange y'insinga. Urwo rwego rwo gupfunyika ubusanzwe rugizwe n'urwego rumwe cyangwa ebyiri za kaseti yo kurinda ipfunyika cyangwa igice cy'imbere cy'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, bitanga uburinzi, uburinzi, ubushyuhe, n'imikorere yo kurwanya gusaza. Ibi bikurikira birasuzuma ingaruka zihariye z'urwego rwo gupfunyika ku budahangarwa bw'inkongi mu buryo butandukanye.
1. Ingaruka z'ibikoresho bishya
Niba urwego rwo gupfunyika rukoresha ibikoresho bishobora gushya (nk'ibiKaseti y'imyenda idafunzecyangwa kaseti ya PVC), imikorere yabyo mu bushyuhe bwinshi igira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku bushyuhe bw'insinga. Ibi bikoresho, iyo bitwitswe mu gihe cy'inkongi, bitanga umwanya wo guhindura imiterere y'insinga n'uburyo bwo kurwanya inkongi. Ubu buryo bwo kurekura bugabanya neza gukanda kw'urwego rwo kurwanya inkongi bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'urwego rwo kurwanya inkongi. Byongeye kandi, ibi bikoresho bishobora guhagarika ubushyuhe mu ntangiriro z'inkongi, bigatinda ko ubushyuhe bugera kuri conductor kandi bikarinda by'agateganyo imiterere y'insinga.
Ariko, ibikoresho bishya ubwabyo bifite ubushobozi buke bwo kongera ubukana bw'insinga kandi akenshi bigomba gukoreshwa hamwe n'ibikoresho birwanya ubukana bw'insinga. Urugero, muri zimwe mu nsinga zirwanya ubukana bw'insinga, hari urwego rw'insinga z'inkongi (nk'urugerokaseti ya mica) bishobora kongerwaho hejuru y'ibikoresho bishya kugira ngo byongere ubushobozi bwo kurwanya inkongi muri rusange. Iyi miterere ihuriweho ishobora kuringaniza neza ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho n'uburyo bwo kugena uburyo bikorwa mu bikorwa, ariko imbogamizi z'ibikoresho bishya zigomba gusuzumwa neza kugira ngo hamenyekane umutekano w'insinga muri rusange.
2. Ingaruka z'ibikoresho birwanya inkongi y'umuriro
Iyo urwego rwo gupfunyika rukoresheje ibikoresho birwanya umuriro nka kaseti y'ibirahure itwikiriwe cyangwa kaseti ya mica, bishobora kunoza cyane imikorere y'insinga zo kurinda umuriro. Ibi bikoresho bigira urwego rudakoresha umuriro mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi, bikabuza urwego rudakoresha umuriro gukora ku muriro kandi bigatinza inzira yo gushonga kw'insinga.
Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko bitewe n'imikorere ikomeye y'urwego rwo gupfunyika, imbaraga zo kwaguka kw'urwego rwo gukingira mu gihe cyo gushonga mu bushyuhe bwinshi zishobora kudasohoka, bigatuma habaho ingaruka zikomeye ku rundi ruhande rwo kurwanya umuriro. Iyi ngaruka y'ubwinshi bw'imbaraga igaragara cyane cyane mu nyubako z'icyuma zikingira, zishobora kugabanya ubushobozi bwo kurwanya umuriro.
Kugira ngo habeho kuringaniza ibisabwa bibiri byo gukaza no gutandukanya umuriro, ibikoresho byinshi bidashobora gushya bishobora gushyirwa mu gishushanyo cy’urukuta rwo gupfunyika, kandi igipimo cyo guhurirana n’umuvuduko wo gupfunyika bishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo bigabanye ingaruka z’umuvuduko ku rukuta rwo kurwanya umuriro. Byongeye kandi, ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho bidashobora gushya ryagiye ryiyongera buhoro buhoro mu myaka ya vuba aha. Ibi bikoresho bishobora kugabanya cyane ikibazo cy’umuvuduko mu gihe bigenzura imikorere yo gutandukanya umuriro, bikagira uruhare mu kunoza ubudahangarwa bw’umuriro muri rusange.
3. Imikorere yo kurwanya umuriro ya Kalisiyumu ya Mica
Kaseti ya mica ifite calcium, nk'igikoresho cyo gupfunyika gifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru, ishobora kongera cyane ubushobozi bwo kwirinda umuriro w'insinga. Iki gikoresho gikora igishishwa gikomeye cyo kurinda iyo ubushyuhe bwinshi bukabije, kikarinda umuriro n'imyuka ishyushye cyane kwinjira mu gice cy'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi. Iki gishishwa gikomeye cyo kurinda ntabwo gitandukanya umuriro gusa ahubwo kinarinda ko umuriro ukomeza kwiyongera no kwangirika kw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi.
Kaseti ya mica ifite calcium ifite akamaro ku bidukikije, kuko idafite fluorine cyangwa halogen kandi ntirekura imyuka ihumanya iyo itwitswe, ibyo bikaba byujuje ibisabwa mu bidukikije bigezweho. Uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyihinduramo ibintu butuma ibasha kwihuza n’insinga zikomeye, yongera ubushyuhe bw’insinga, bigatuma ikwiriye cyane cyane inyubako ndende n’ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi, aho usanga hakenewe uburinzi bwinshi bw’umuriro.
4. Akamaro k'igishushanyo mbonera cy'inyubako
Imiterere y'imiterere y'urwego rwo gupfunyika ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo insinga zishobore guhangana n'umuriro. Urugero, gukoresha imiterere yo gupfunyika ifite ibyiciro byinshi (nk'ikaseti ya mica ifite ibyiciro bibiri cyangwa byinshi) ntibyongera gusa ingaruka zo kurinda umuriro ahubwo binatanga uruzitiro rwiza rw'ubushyuhe mu gihe cy'inkongi. Byongeye kandi, kwemeza ko igipimo cyo gupfunyika cy'urwego rwo gupfunyika kitari munsi ya 25% ni igipimo cy'ingenzi cyo kunoza ubudahangarwa bw'umuriro muri rusange. Igipimo gito cyo gupfunyika gishobora gutuma ubushyuhe buva, mu gihe igipimo kinini cyo gupfunyika gishobora kongera ubukana bw'insinga, bigira ingaruka ku bindi bintu bifatika.
Mu gushushanya, hagomba kandi kwitabwaho uburyo urwego rwo gupfunyika ruhura n'izindi nyubako (nk'icyuma cy'imbere n'urwego rw'ingabo). Urugero, mu bihe by'ubushyuhe bwinshi, gushyiramo urwego rworoshye rw'ibikoresho bishobora gukwirakwiza neza ubushyuhe no kugabanya kwangirika k'urwego rwo kurwanya inkongi. Iki gitekerezo cy'igishushanyo cy'urwego rwinshi cyakoreshejwe cyane mu gukora insinga kandi kigaragaza ibyiza bikomeye, cyane cyane ku isoko ryo ku rwego rwo hejuru ry'insinga zirinda inkongi.
5. Umwanzuro
Guhitamo ibikoresho n'imiterere y'urwego rwo gupfunyika insinga bigira uruhare runini mu mikorere y'insinga yo kurwanya umuriro. Guhitamo neza ibikoresho (nk'ibikoresho byoroshye birwanya umuriro cyangwa kaseti ya mica ifite calcium) no kunoza imiterere y'inyubako, birashoboka kongera cyane imikorere y'umutekano w'insinga mu gihe habayeho inkongi no kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'imikorere bitewe n'inkongi. Gukomeza kunoza imiterere y'urwego rwo gupfunyika mu iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ry'insinga bitanga garanti ikomeye ya tekiniki yo kugera ku mikorere myiza no kurengera ibidukikije insinga zirinda umuriro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-30-2024